Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 3, Problem 8RA
Summary Introduction
To determine:
Features of mRNA.
Introduction:
mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) helps in conveying genetic information from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to the ribosomes. The genetic information is present in the form of three base codes which are read by transfer RNA.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The sequence of bases in a sample of
MRNA was found to be:
GGU,AAU,CCU,UUU,GUU,ACU,CAU,UGU
a Deduce the sequence of amino acids this
codes for.
b Determine the sequence of bases in the
coding strand of DNA from which this
MRNA was transcribed.
c Within a cell, state where the triplet codes,
codons and anticodons are found.
A particular tRNA is mutated so that the amino acid attachment cannot bind with the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase. What happens when an mRNA transcript contains the codon for this tRNA?
A.
The tRNA will not bind to this codon.
B.
Translation stops and the protein is released.
C
The wrong tRNA is added to the protein chain.
D.
Translation stops and the protein remains bound to the ribosome.
tRNAs
a. carry amino acids
b. bind to the anticodon present in the mRNA
c. adapt the genetic information to the ribosome
d. catalyze the peptide bond
Chapter 3 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 3 - According to the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma...Ch. 3 - After the DNA molecule has replicated itself, the...Ch. 3 - Nerve and skeletal muscle cells in the adult,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4RACh. 3 - The phase of mitosis in which the chromatids...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6RACh. 3 - Which of these statements about RNA is true?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8RACh. 3 - Prob. 9RACh. 3 - Prob. 10RA
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11RACh. 3 - Which of these statements about tRNA is true?...Ch. 3 - The step in protein synthesis during which tRNA,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14RACh. 3 - Prob. 15RACh. 3 - Prob. 16RACh. 3 - Give some specific examples that illustrate the...Ch. 3 - Describe the structure of nucleosomes, and explain...Ch. 3 - What is the genetic code, and how does it affect...Ch. 3 - Why may tRNA be considered the "interpreter" of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21RACh. 3 - Define the terms genome and proteome, and explain...Ch. 3 - Prob. 23RACh. 3 - Explain the functions of centrioles in nondividing...Ch. 3 - Prob. 25RACh. 3 - Prob. 26RACh. 3 - Define apoptosis and explain the physiological...Ch. 3 - Describe what is meant by epigenetic inheritance,...Ch. 3 - Discuss the role of chromatin proteins in...Ch. 3 - Explain how p53 functions as a tumor suppressor...Ch. 3 - Prob. 31RACh. 3 - Antibiotics can have different mechanisms of...Ch. 3 - Explain how it is possible for the human proteome...Ch. 3 - Explain RNA interference RNAi by siRNA and miRNA...Ch. 3 - Describe the function and significance of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 36RACh. 3 - Review figure 3.19 and answer the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 38RACh. 3 - Describe the structure of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Describe the structure and function of cilia,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2aCPCh. 3 - Prob. 2bCPCh. 3 - Prob. 3aCPCh. 3 - Prob. 3bCPCh. 3 - Describe the structure and functions of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3dCPCh. 3 - Describe the structure and function of ribosomes.Ch. 3 - Distinguish the two types of endoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 3 - Describe the appearance and composition of...Ch. 3 - Explain how RNA is produced within the nucleus...Ch. 3 - Explain how precursor mRNA is modified to produce...Ch. 3 - Explain how mRNA. rRNA, and tRNA function during...Ch. 3 - Describe the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and...Ch. 3 - Describe post-translational changes and other...Ch. 3 - Draw a simple diagram of the semiconservative...Ch. 3 - Describe the cell cycle using the proper symbols...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 3 - List the phases of mitosis and briefly describe...Ch. 3 - Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis, describe...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which statement is true of the translocation phase of elongation during protein synthesis? a. The empty tRNA moves to the A site of the ribosomal complex. b. The empty tRNA moves to the T site of the ribosomal complex. c. The dipeptide moves from the A site to the P site of the ribosomal complex. d. The dipeptide moves from the P site to the A site of the ribosomal complex.arrow_forwardWhat is the genetic code? a. The relationship between a three-base codon sequence and an amino acid or the end of translation b. The entire base sequence of an mRNA molecule c. The entire sequence from the promoter to the terminator of a gene d. The binding of tRNA to mRNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the three major classes of RNAs in the cell: mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs? A. mRNAs encode polypeptide chains. B. tRNAs are structural components of the ribosome. C. rRNAs are adapter molecules that translate the information on an mRNA into a polypeptide sequence. D. mRNAs can also encode tRNAs and rRNAs.arrow_forward
- What process is the P site in a ribosome most closely associated with? a. Binds the tRNA molecule carrying the next needed amino acid to the mRNA strand b. Transcription of DNA to RNA c. Release of a tRNA molecule from a ribosome d. Anchoring of the tRNA holding the growing polypeptidearrow_forwardWhat factors are utilized by the cell in order to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery? A. elongation factors B. release factors C. transcription factors D. initiation factors E. mRNA factorsarrow_forwardWhy might a single base-pair mutation in eukaryotic mRNA be less serious than one in prokaryotic mRNA? a. If the mutation occurs in the 5' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. b. If the mutation occurs in the exon, it will not affect the gene product. c. If the mutation occurs in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, only one gene product may affected. O d. If the mutation occurs in the intron or not in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, it will nc affect the gene product. O e. If the mutation occurs in the 3' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. OLIE STIC N 1Aarrow_forward
- For each of the following, identify the type of RNA involved (mRNA, rRNA, or tRNA). a. Transports the correct amino acid to the ribosome, using the information encoded in the mRNA. b. Is a major component of ribosomes. c. Specifies the order of amino acids in a protein, using a series of three-base codons, where different amino acids are specified by particular codons. d. Contains a three-base anticodon that pairs with a complementary codon revealed in the mRNA. e. Assists in making the bonds that link amino acids together to make a protein.arrow_forwardWhat is one function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA? Select one: a. It is involved in translation termination. b. It is an intron splicing signal. c. It is the initial attachment site for ribosomes. d. It is involved in polyadenylation of the 5' end of the mRNAarrow_forwardwhat is the first event to take place in translation in eukaryotic cell? a. An clongation of the polypeptide chain by the addition of amino acids b. Binding of the larger ribosomal subunits to the smaller ribosomal subunits c. Base pairing of activated methionine-tRNA to AUG of messenger RNA d. The small subunits of ribosome recognizing and attaching to 5' cap of mRNAarrow_forward
- The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this? a. complementarity b. nonsense codons c. universality d. degeneracyarrow_forwardHow is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. In prokaryotes, because they do not have a nucleus, the translation of mRNA occurs while it is being transcribed b. In prokaryotes, pre-mRNA translation before transcription occurs within the cell c.In prokaryotes, reverse trancriptase simultaneously translates and transcribes mRNAd.In prokaryotes, functional mRNA allows for translation to be skipped, and proteins are made during transcriptionarrow_forwarda. Give the sequence of mRNA that would be transcribed off of the bottom strand and label its 5' and 3' ends. b. translate this RNA sequence in 1a into a protein sequence c. Give the sequence of mRNA that would be transcribed off of the top strand and label its 5' and 3' ends. d. Translate this RNA sequence in 1c into a protein sequencearrow_forward
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