Why might a single base-pair mutation in eukaryotic mRNA be less serious than one in prokaryotic mRNA? a. If the mutation occurs in the 5' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. b. If the mutation occurs in the exon, it will not affect the gene product. c. If the mutation occurs in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, only one gene product ma affected. O d. If the mutation occurs in the intron or not in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, it will affect the gene product. e. If the mutation occurs in the 3' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product.

Which of the following is an RNA processing event that increases the number of potential polypeptides that can be encoded by a single gene. a. transcription b. alternative splicing c. alternative transcription d. polyadenylation

Transcription in prokaryotic cells O A. is initiated at a promoter and uses only one strand of DNA (the template strand) to synthesize a complementary RNA strand. B. occurs in the nucleus, whereas translation occurs in the cytoplasm. C. is terminated at a stop codon. D. does not need a promoter. O E. is initiated at a start codon with the help of initiation factors and the small subunit of the ribosome. 5

The promoter consensus sequence at the -10 BOX in the bio gene in E. coli was TAGACT; however, a transversion occurred which changed the G nucleotide to T, what outcome(s) are likely?   a. transcription levels would decrease because the promoter would be weaker   b. nothing would happen because the promoter would not change the mRNA sequence   c. the mutation would block RNA polymerase from binding to the DNA   d. transcription levels would increase because the promoter would be stronger   e. the bio gene does not require a functional promoter

Of the following, which is a modification made to the pre-mRNA of eukaryotes before translation?   a. The 5’ end receives a poly-A tail   b. All of the above   c. The 3’ end receives a cap   d. Introns are cut out and exons are spliced together

Eukaryotic MRNAS contain a poly(A) tail at the 3'-end, but the template DNA encoding the mRNA does not have poly(T)s. Identify the statements as true or false. A. The enzyme that makes polyA tail is a template-independent polymerase B. The polyA tail is added at the 3` end of MRNA C. The polyA tail is added at the 5 end of MRNA D. The polyA tail is added by DNA dependent RNA polymerase E. PolyA tail plays an essential role in transcription