Introduction to Genetic Analysis
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781464109485
Author: Anthony J.F. Griffiths, Susan R. Wessler, Sean B. Carroll, John Doebley
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 3, Problem 4P
Summary Introduction
To determine: The outcome in the octad if a nucleus from postmeiotic mitotic division of nucleus 2 slipped past a nucleus from postmeiotic mitotic division of nucleus 3.
Introduction: Mitosis is the equational division where the diploid cell divides to form two daughter cells that are also diploid in three. The process is divided into four phases that bring about the nuclear division and distribution of chromosomes into two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.
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Consider a diploid cell that contains 7 pairs of chromosomes. Each pair includes a maternal and a paternal member (for example: AP pair) or AP B ^ n * B ^ p (two pairs). How many different combinations of chromatids are possible during the early phases of anaphase in meiosis II?
A simple diagram indicating the alterations in genetic content throughout mitosis is shown in the attached picture. Please prepare a similar diagram for meiosis, starting with a diploid cell in G1 (like the picture). Include all of the cells generated at each stage.
Consider the following two meiocytes in metaphase I, with crossover positions as indicated for cell A. Solid black lines
indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal
chromosomes.
G N
D t
d
Cell A
Cell B
i) How many chromosomes and chromatids were present in cell A during the G1 phase? Please clearly specify
chromosomes and chromatids in your answer.
ii) For cell A, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within
a set of brackets. You may ignore independent assortment.
iii) For cell B, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell given crossing over. Give the alleles of each
gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may assume that no crossing over would take place.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to Genetic Analysis
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1PCh. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - Prob. 4PCh. 3 - Prob. 5PCh. 3 - Prob. 6PCh. 3 - Prob. 7PCh. 3 - Prob. 10PCh. 3 - Prob. 11PCh. 3 - Prob. 12PCh. 3 - Prob. 13P
Ch. 3 - Prob. 14PCh. 3 - Prob. 15PCh. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - Prob. 17PCh. 3 - Prob. 18PCh. 3 - Prob. 19PCh. 3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3 - Prob. 21PCh. 3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3 - Prob. 23PCh. 3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3 - Prob. 27PCh. 3 - Prob. 28PCh. 3 - Prob. 29PCh. 3 - Prob. 30PCh. 3 - Prob. 31PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.1PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.2PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.3PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.4PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.5PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.6PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.7PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.8PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.9PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.10PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.11PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.12PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.13PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.14PCh. 3 - Prob. 31.15PCh. 3 - Prob. 32PCh. 3 - Prob. 33PCh. 3 - Prob. 34PCh. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Prob. 36PCh. 3 - Prob. 37PCh. 3 - Prob. 38PCh. 3 - Prob. 39PCh. 3 - Prob. 40PCh. 3 - Prob. 41PCh. 3 - Prob. 42PCh. 3 - Prob. 43PCh. 3 - Prob. 44PCh. 3 - Prob. 45PCh. 3 - Prob. 46PCh. 3 - Prob. 48PCh. 3 - Prob. 49PCh. 3 - Prob. 50PCh. 3 - Prob. 51PCh. 3 - Prob. 52PCh. 3 - Prob. 53PCh. 3 - Prob. 54PCh. 3 - Prob. 57P
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- In experiment of Following chromosomal DNA movement through meiosis, what is the trial 1 and trial 2 meiotic division beads diagram for prophase l, metaphase l, anapahse l, telophase l, prophase ll, metaphase ll, anaphase ll, telophase ll, and cytokinesis?arrow_forwardDuring metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is , or .For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is , or . In an organism with a haploid number of , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes? Select one: a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384arrow_forwardIn fruit flies, chromosomal crossing over does not occur in meiosis in males, whereas crossing over does occur in meiosis in females. In fruit flies that are heterozygous at many genes (i.e. many maternal and paternal versions of the genes differ), at what stage would cells no longer be heterozygous for any gene during the process of meiosis? a)After the second meiotic division in males, and after the first meiotic division in females. b)After the second meiotic division in both males and females. c)After the first meiotic division in both males and females. d)After the first meiotic division in males, and after the second meiotic division in females.arrow_forward
- What are the major differences between mitosis and meiosis? Explain this both in terms of the different steps of each event and with regards to the final products of each event. Remember to mention the events which are unique to meiosis and why they are significant.arrow_forwardimagine a giraffe whose diploid is 30. A) what # of chromosomes will be present in a somatic cell at prophase of mitosis? B) what will be the # of chromosomes present in a somatic cell at prophase 2 of meiosis?arrow_forwarda. What type of cell division mitosis, meiosis I or meiosis II is shown in this figure? b. What is the diploid number of this organism? c. Provide labels for (i) and (ii)arrow_forward
- Complete the following table for the number of chromosomes and chromatids per cell during the different stages of meiosis II for a 2n = 6 organism. NOTE: For telophase, consider the number of chromosomes/chromatids per cell after cytokinesis. Meiosis II #chromosomes/cell Prophase II Metaphase || Anaphase II Telophase II #chromatids/cellarrow_forwardDuring metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes (2n=4) . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 22 or 4.For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 23 or 8. In an organism with a haploid number of 7, how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes? a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384arrow_forwardDraw and label the mitotic phases (prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase) and meiotic phases (prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, & telophase II) for 2N=6. Be sure to indicate the chromosomal complement at each stage and whether the chromosomes are duplicated (consisting of sister chromatids) or not. For the meiotic phases, please add the following labels to your diagrams: In prophase I: tetradIn metaphase I: nonsister chromatidsIn anaphase I: homologous chromosomes, kinetochore microtubule In telophase I: sister chromatidsIn prophase II: centriolesIn metaphase II: centromereIn anaphase II: nonkinetochore microtubule, astral raysIn telophase II: cleavage furrowarrow_forward
- Consider the following meiocyte in metaphase I. Solid black lines indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal chromosomes. A student determines the possible gametes that he/she believes can be produced from this cell, and provides you with the following options. Note that the alleles of each proposed gamete is contained within a set of brackets.Gamete 1: (abDe) Gamete 2: (DdEe) Gamete 3: (AaBb)Gamete 4: (DedE) Gamete 5: (aBdE) Gamete 6: (abdE)Gamete 7: (abAB) Gamete 8: (AbDe) Gamete 9: (dEab) i) How many DNA molecules were present in this cell at the start of the S-phase?ii) How many chromosomes will be present in each cell during Anaphase II? iii) Choose two of the proposed gametes that were produced by crossing over. Provide a reason for the gametes that you…arrow_forwardConsider the following two meiocytes in metaphase I, with crossover positions as indicated for cell A. Solid black lines indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal chromosomes. F G N R A B D e g a B d E Cell A Cell B i) How many chromosomes and chromatids were present in cell A during the G1 phase? Please clearly specify chromosomes and chromatids in your answer. ii) For cell A, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may ignore independent assortment. iii) For cell B, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell given independent assortment. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may assume that no crossing over would take place.arrow_forwardConstruct a table similar to that in Figure 2.12 for the different stages of meiosis, giving the number of chromosomes per cell and the number of DNA molecules per cell for a cell that begins with 4 chromosomes (two homologous pairs) in G1. Include the following stages in your table: G1, S, G2, prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I (after cytokinesis), prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II (after cytokinesis).arrow_forward
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