Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whether two unique configurations about double bond are possible in the given compound is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
For a given double bond, cis and trans configurations are possible if the exchange of two groups on one of the doubly bonded atoms results in a different molecule. If one of the carbon atoms of the double bond has two identical atoms or groups attached, then that double bond will not have two distinct configurations. Two groups are cis to each other if they are on the same side of a double bond, and they are trans to each other if they are on opposite sides.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether two unique configurations about the double bond are possible in the given compound is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
For a given double bond, cis and trans configurations are possible if the exchange of two groups on one of the doubly bonded atoms results in a different molecule. If one of the carbon atoms of the double bond has two identical atoms or groups attached, then that double bond will not have two distinct configurations. Two groups are cis to each other if they are on the same side of a double bond, and they are trans to each other if they are on opposite sides.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether two unique configurations about the double bond are possible in the given compound is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
For a given double bond, cis and trans configurations are possible if the exchange of two groups on one of the doubly bonded atoms results in a different molecule. If one of the carbon atoms of the double bond has two identical atoms or groups attached, then that double bond will not have two distinct configurations. Two groups are cis to each other if they are on the same side of a double bond, and they are trans to each other if they are on opposite sides.
(d)
Interpretation:
Whether two unique configurations about the double bond are possible in the given compound is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
For a given double bond, cis and trans configurations are possible if the exchange of two groups on one of the doubly bonded atoms results in a different molecule. If one of the carbon atoms of the double bond has two identical atoms or groups attached, then that double bond will not have two distinct configurations. Two groups are cis to each other if they are on the same side of a double bond, and they are trans to each other if they are on opposite sides.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid found in many vegetable oils, such as soy, peanut, and cottonseed. A key structural feature of the molecule is the cis orientation around its two double bonds, where R1 and R2 represent two different groups that form the rest of the molecule. (a) How many different compounds are possible, changing only the cis-trans arrangements around these two double bonds? (b) How many are possible for a similar compound with three double bonds?arrow_forwardDraw the complete Lewis structure of (CH3)2CHCH(NH2)CO2H and identify all H-bond donors and all H-bond acceptors.arrow_forwardPredict the approximate values for the H¬O¬C and O¬C¬C bond angles in vinyl alcohol?arrow_forward
- If you rotate the hydrogen atoms to a different position in a a model of C2H6 by turning about the central C—C bond, do you get different structural (or constitutional) isomers of C2H5Cl?arrow_forwardYour chemistry professor draws a number of molecules on the board: (1) CH4 ; (2) H2C=CH2 ; (3) H2C=C=CH2 ; and (4) H2C=C=C=CH2. You muse about all the molecules that chemists draw on a two-dimensional board and wonder which ones are actually planar, existing basically as they appear on the board, and which ones are not plane but rather three-dimensional. Answer ALL of the following questions. What are the specific orbital overlaps (i.e., sp3-sp3) that are in each of the molecules? What are the bond angles for each central atom in each molecule? Which molecules are planar and which are non-planar?arrow_forwardYour chemistry professor draws a number of molecules on the board: (1) CH4 ; (2) H2C=CH2 ; (3) H2C=C=CH2 ; and (4) H2C=C=C=CH2. You muse about all the molecules that chemists draw on a two-dimensional board and wonder which ones are actually planar, existing basically as they appear on the board, and which ones are not plane but rather three-dimensional. Answer the following questions. What is the geometry and hybridization of the carbon in CH4? What is the geometry and hybridization of each central carbon atom in the remaining molecules? Draw each molecule showing the bonds and identify each bond in all the molecules as s or p. What are the specific orbital overlaps (i.e., sp3-sp3) that are in each of the molecules? What are the bond angles for each central atom in each molecule? Which molecules are planar and which are non-planar?arrow_forward
- Linoleic acid (below) is an essential fatty acid found in many vegetable oils, such as soy, peanut, and cottonseed. A key structural feature of the molecule is the cis orientation around its two double bonds, where R1 and R2 represent two different groups that form the rest of the molecule. R, CH2 `H H' (a) How many different compounds are possible, changing only the cis/trans arrangements around these two double bonds? (b) How many are possible for a similar compound with three double bonds? R3. .CH2 R4 `H H `H H'arrow_forwardThere are seven possible dichloropropene isomers (molecular formula C3H4Cl2). Draw their structures and name each isomer. (Hint: Don't over-look cis-trans isomers.)arrow_forwardMethyl isocyanate, CH3 -N= C = O, is used in the industrial synthesis of a type of pesticide and herbicide known as a carbamate. As a historical note, an industrial accident in Bhopal, India, in 1984 resulted in leakage of an unknown quantity of this chemical into the air. An estimated 200,000 people were exposed to its vapors, and over 2000 of these people died. Q.) Write a Lewis structure for methyl isocyanate and predict its bond angles. What is the hybridization of its carbonyl carbon? Of its nitrogen atom?arrow_forward
- (a) Triazine, C3 H3 N3, is like benzene except that in triazineevery other C¬H group is replaced by a nitrogen atom.Draw the Lewis structure(s) for the triazine molecule. (b) Estimatethe carbon–nitrogen bond distances in the ring.arrow_forward(a) Triazine, C3 H3 N3, is like benzene except that in triazineevery other C¬H group is replaced by a nitrogen atom. Draw the Lewis structure(s) for the triazine molecule. (b) Estimatethe carbon–nitrogen bond distances in the ring.arrow_forwardDraw the shapes of the following molecules and ions in 3-dimension showing clearly the bonds between the atoms and the lone pairs of electrons on the central atom, if any. (a) CH3OH, methanol (b) H2O2, hydrogen peroxide (c) CH3CH=CHCI, 1-chloropropene Provide everything stated in the instructions.arrow_forward
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning