Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 26, Problem 22CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The heterochronic mutation and its effect on the
Introduction:
The phenotype of an individual is determined by its observable traits, which are the outcomes of the genotype along with the environmental factors. It is denoted as a physical expression. The difference between phenotype and genotype was first described by Wilhelm Johannsen.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The phenotype of a heterozygous mouse (Aa) is agouti. The agouti banding pattern is due to altered expression of the agouti gene. Which of the following statement is false?
a) Expression of the agouti gene inhibits the production of eumelanin.
b) Evidence suggests that the agouti gene is only expressed in tissues associated with fur production.
c) Epigenetic markers silence the agouti gene resulting in dark pigmentation at the tip and root of the hair.
d) All of the above
Our understanding of maternal effect genes has been greatly aided by their identification in experimental organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. In experimental organisms with a short generation time, geneticists have successfully searched for mutant alleles that prevent the normal process of embryonic development. In many cases, the offspring die at early embryonic or larval stages. These are called maternal effect lethal alleles. How would a researcher identify a mutation that produced a recessive maternal effect lethal allele?
A mutation creates a dominant negative allele of a particular gene. The gene encodes a protein that forms a trimer within the cell. If one or more of the subunits has the mutant structure, the entire trimeric protein is inactive. In a heterozygous cell, if the proteins of both alleles are present at the same levels, what percent of the trimers present in the cell will be active?
A) 100%
B) 5%
C) 50%
D) 33%
E) 5%
Chapter 26 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 26.1 - Which of the following is the correct order for...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 26.2 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 26.2 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 26.3 - 3. Myogenic bHLH proteins are ___________ that...
Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 26.4 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 26.5 - 1. A key event that initially determines female or...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 26 - 1. What four types of cellular processes must...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 26 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 26 - 4. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true...Ch. 26 - Discuss the morphological differences between the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 26 - Explain what a morphogen is, and describe how it...Ch. 26 - 8. What is positional information? Discuss three...Ch. 26 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 26 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 26 - 11. Describe the function of the Bicoid protein....Ch. 26 - With regard to development, what are the roles of...Ch. 26 - Discuss the role of homeotic genes in development....Ch. 26 - Describe the molecular features of the homeobox...Ch. 26 - What would you predict to be the phenotype of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 26 - If a mutation in a homeotic gene produced the...Ch. 26 - 18. Explain how loss-of-function mutations in the...Ch. 26 - What is the difference between a maternal-effect...Ch. 26 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 26 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 26 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 26 - 23. Discuss the similarities and differences...Ch. 26 - 24. What is cell differentiation? Discuss the role...Ch. 26 - Prob. 25CONQCh. 26 - What is a totipotent cell? In each of the...Ch. 26 - 27. What is a meristem? Explain the role of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 26 - Predict the phenotypic consequences of each of the...Ch. 26 - 30. Explain how alternative splicing affects sex...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1EQCh. 26 - Compare and contrast the experimental advantages...Ch. 26 - 3. What is meant by the term cell fate? What is a...Ch. 26 - 4. Explain why a cell lineage diagram is necessary...Ch. 26 - Explain the rationale behind the use of the bag of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6EQCh. 26 - Take a look at question 2 in More Genetic TIPS...Ch. 26 - All of the homeotic genes inDrosophilahave been...Ch. 26 - Prob. 9EQCh. 26 - wo techniques commonly used to study the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11EQCh. 26 - Prob. 12EQCh. 26 - 13. Another way to study the role of proteins...Ch. 26 - 14. Why have geneticists used reverse genetics to...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 26 - Prob. 2QSDCCh. 26 - Prob. 3QSDC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Albinism is characterized by the lack of a dark pigment called melanin in the hair, skin and eyes. Albinism is caused by the absence of an functioning enzyme called thyrosinase, which is necessary for the synthesis of melanin. Given this bit of information, what can you assume about the heredity pattern of this trait? A) It is caused by a recessive allele of the gene coding for thyrosinase. B) It is caused by a dominant allele of the gene coding for melanin. C) It is caused by a dominant allele of the gene coding for thyrosinase. D) It is caused by a recessive allele of the gene coding for melanin. E) There is not enough information here to tellarrow_forwardSynpolydactyly is an abnormality characterized by webbing between partially or completely duplicated fingers or toes (Figure 18.15). The same mutations that cause the human phenotype give rise to a similar phenotype in mice. In what family of genes do you think these mutations occur?arrow_forwardOne of the most famous cases of an X-linked recessive mutation in humans is that of hemophilia found in the descendants of Britain’s Queen Victoria. The pedigree of the royal family indicates that Victoria was heterozygous for the trait; however, her father was not affected, and no other member of her maternal line appeared to carry the mutation. What are some possible explanations of how the mutation arose? What types of mutations could lead to the disease?arrow_forward
- Antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria, but have no effect on the synthesis of proteins encoded by eukaryotic nuclear genes. Cycloheximide inhibits the synthesis of proteins encoded by nuclear genes, but has no effect on bacterial protein synthesis. How might these compounds be used to determine which proteins are encoded by mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes?arrow_forwardParents who both have "sickle-cell trait", i.e, are heterozygous for HbS have a child who is tested at birth, and is found to be homozygous for HbS (both alleles affected). What is the molecular reason why the child presents with no symptoms until 6 months of age? a.) the mutation affects the beta chain, which is not dominant at birth b.) the mutation affects the alpha chain, which is not dominant at birth c.) babies cannot be exposed to low oxygen that triggers symptoms d.) babies cannot be exposed to high oxygen that triggers symptomsarrow_forward(a) How does the duplication of individual genes occur? (b) individual that inherit a genetic condition known as xeroderma pigmentosum exhibit an extreme sensitivity to sunlight exposure and often develop skin cancer by the age of 10. What repair pathway is most likely disrupted as a result of such mutation? Explain why?arrow_forward
- What is the underlying genetic defect that causes xeroderma pigmentosum?How can the symptoms of this disease be explained by the genetic defect?arrow_forwardLeber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) causes progressive vision loss due to defects in the gene that encodes RPE65 isomerase. Affected individuals are homozygous recessive for mutant alleles of the RPE65 gene. You are trying to determine the molecular nature of the mutations in three individuals with LCA. For ease of analysis, you may assume that each individual is homozygous for the same mutant allele (though the three individuals have different mutations than each other). You use the polymerase chain reaction to amplify DNA from each patient and you determine the sequence of the DNA and compare it to unaffected individuals. You identify the following differences. Note that the non-template strand of DNA is given and the changes are highlighted using red boldface. You can assume that the sequences are in the first reading frame (eg. the first three nucleotides of each sequence is a codon). The coding region of the gene is 1602 bp and the position of the sequences shown below is…arrow_forwardWhat are paralogous and orthologous genes? What are some of the explanations for the finding that humans are a much more complex organism than the roundworm C. elegans, yet have only about 5 percent more protein- coding genes (21,000 versus 20,000)?arrow_forward
- APOE gene has been found to be a major contributor to sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), by acting as an age-of-onset modifier for the common relatively late-onset forms of the disease. Among four alleles causing early onset of AD, the epsilon4 allele (APOE4) disrupts this function. If you generate transgenic monkeys in which the normal allele of APOE gene is knocked out, what phenotype will you expect for those knockout monkeys? A. The APE mRNA expression will be completely suppressed. B. They slow down the development of AD. C. They develop AD early. D. They don't show any AD symptom.arrow_forwardIn McCune-Albright syndrome, fibrous connective tissue replaces bone, tan patches (café-au-lait spots) dot the skin, and hormone abnormalities cause early puberty and malfunction of the thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands. The phenotype is highly variable, and all patients are somatic mosaics for the mutation, which is in the gene GNAS1. Why is the condition seen only in mosaics?arrow_forwardAs discussed, the overall rate of mutations in humans is estimated to be about 1 × 10−8 mutations per base pair per generation. How many new mutations would you expect each person to carry, on average, based on this mutation rate? Other studies have estimated that each person carries about 100 new loss-of-function mutations. How does this number compare with your estimate of the number of mutations based on the mutation rate? What might account for any differences?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY