Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 9P
Consider the phylogenetic tree presented in Figure
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What is endosymbiosis and why is it considered to be the source of eukaryotic diversity? Why are we confident this only happened once? What is primary and secondary endosymbiosis? Was there another endosymbiotic event that led to a third lineage? What group of organisms possesses a structure that might suggest this possibility and what is the structure? Why is the structure in question different from the ancestor of other plastids?
DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a euglenid, a plant, and an unidentified protist suggest that the unidentified species is most closely related to the diplomonad. Further studies reveal that the unknown species has fully functional mitochondria. Based on these data, at what point on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 did the mystery protist’s lineage probably diverge from other eukaryote lineages? Explain.
Examine the following phylogenetic tree illustrated in Figure shown in the first picture.
In general, what does a phylogenetic tree illustrate?
How do you compare the relationships of organisms BB, CC, and DD?
Given the following organisms in the Table in the second picture, number them in terms of which is relatively closest and distant. Number 1 refers to closest.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 17 - 17.1 Reciprocal crosses of experimental animals or...Ch. 17 - 17.2 How are some of the characteristics of the...Ch. 17 - 17.3 The human mitochondrial genome encodes...Ch. 17 - What is the evidence that transfer of DNA from the...Ch. 17 - Draw a graph depicting the relative amounts of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6PCh. 17 - 17.7 What is the evidence that the ancient...Ch. 17 - 17.8 Outline the steps required for a gene...Ch. 17 - 17.9 Consider the phylogenetic tree presented in...Ch. 17 - You are a genetic counselor, and several members...
Ch. 17 - A mutation in Arabidopsis immutans results in the...Ch. 17 - What type or types of inheritance are consistent...Ch. 17 - You have isolated (1) a streptomycin-resistant...Ch. 17 - You have isolated two petite mutants, pet1 and...Ch. 17 - 17.15 Consider this human pedigree for a vision...Ch. 17 - A 50- year - old man has been diagnosed with MELAS...Ch. 17 - 17.17 The first person in a family to exhibit...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18PCh. 17 - 17.19 What is the most likely mode of inheritance...Ch. 17 - 17.20 In , the Russian Tsar Nicholaswas deposed,...Ch. 17 - 17.21 The dodo bird (Raphus cucullatus) lived on...Ch. 17 - Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plants has...Ch. 17 - 17.23 Wolves and coyotes can interbreed in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 24PCh. 17 - Prob. 25PCh. 17 - Most large protein complexes in mitochondria and...Ch. 17 - As described in this chapter, mothers will pass on...
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- Examine the following phylogenetic tree illustrated in Figure shown in the picture. In general, what does a phylogenetic tree illustrate? How do you compare the relationships of organisms BB, CC, and DD?arrow_forwardDoes the following phylogenetic tree provide evidence to support or refute the endosymbiosis hypothesis? Briefly explain your choice (1-2 sentences) Bacteria a-Proteobacteria Mitochondria Archaea Eukarya Excavata Discicristata Alveolata Stramenopila Rhizaria Plantae Opisthokonta Amoebozoaarrow_forwardWhat is special about the endosymbiotic events that gave us brown algae?arrow_forward
- An analysis of the phylogeny of mutualistic and free-living fungi, as well as the rates of nucleotide substitutions in selected ribosomal RNA regions, was conducted with a view to determining how coevolution can drive changes in the heritable traits of a species. Which of the following is NOT the expected outcome of the study? A. There was a faster rate of molecular evolution occuring among free-living fungal species compared to lichens. B. Fungi coevolving with algae in lichens featured higher rates of nucleotide substitutions. C. Higher rates of nucleotide substitution in mutualistic fungi were widespread across many sections of the genome. D. The transition to mutualism accelerated the rate of molecular evolution for fungal species.arrow_forwardWhich phylogenetic tree below represents the evolutionary history of the fungi based on the most recent data? A) C) O Tree B O Tree A O Tree D O Tree C Amoebas Fungi Animals Algae Plants Animals Fungi Amoebas Algae Plants B) D) Algae Fungi Plants Amoebas Animals Plants Fungi Algae Animals Amoebasarrow_forwardThe theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was first proposed by the biologist Lynn Which of the following statements provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis? 1. All the genes found in chloroplasts are homologous to genes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell. 2. Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes. 3. Proteins need a targeting sequence to be imported into a chloroplast. 4. Mitochondria can generate a proton gradient and harness it to synthesize ATP. O A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.arrow_forward
- Briefly describe the three taxa involved in the secondary endosymbiosis and the one taxa that lost mitochondria.arrow_forwardmake a drawing of a phylogenetic tree that contains all 3 domains of life. The tree should include at least three different animals, two plants, chemoheterotrophic bacteria, photoautotrophic bacteria, chemoheterotrophic archaea, thermophilic archaea and fungi. Identify both primary endosymbiosis events on the tree and draw a line to connect it to the organism that would become the future organelle.arrow_forwardBriefly describe what endosymbiotic theory is. Describe a few ways in which endosymbiotic theory has changed the way scientists think about the ancestral distinctions among the three domains.arrow_forward
- What genes from the mitochondrion are also used for phylogenetic analysis? Can you name and describe atleast 2 genes?arrow_forwardBriefly describe the phylogeny of each in regards to its classification within the four supergroups: a) Amoeba b) Paramecium c) Euglenaarrow_forwardWhat do the multiple branching points at the root of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree indicate about the evolution of eukaryotes? A. that unikonts are derived from the SAR clade B. that Archaeplastids were the first eukaryotes C. that fungi are more closely related to plants than animals D. that eukaryotes are all descended from a common ancestorarrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license