Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 26P
Most large protein complexes in mitochondria and chloroplasts are composed both of proteins encoded in the organelle genome and proteins encoded in the nuclear genome. What complexities does this introduce for gene regulation (i.e., for ensuring that the appropriate relative numbers of the proteins in a complex are produced)?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria, but have no effect on the synthesis of proteins encoded by eukaryotic nuclear genes. Cycloheximide inhibits the synthesis of proteins encoded by nuclear genes, but has no effect on bacterial protein synthesis. How might these compounds be used to determine which proteins are encoded by mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes?
Like Hurler syndrome, Fabry disease involves an abnormal accumulationof substances within lysosomes. However, the lysosomesof individuals with Fabry disease show an abnormal accumulationof lipids. The defective enzyme is α-galactosidase A, which is alysosomal enzyme that functions in lipid metabolism. The enzymaticdefect causes cell damage, especially to the kidneys, heart,and eyes. The gene that encodes α-galactosidase A is found on theX chromosome. Let’s suppose a phenotypically unaffected coupleproduces two sons with Fabry disease and one phenotypicallyunaffected daughter. What is the probability that the daughter willhave an affected son?
The GAL gene system in yeast is used to metabolize galactose. In the presence of
galactose, the GAL genes are expressed; however, in the absence of galactose, the
GAL genes are repressed. A yeast mutant is discovered that continuously expresses
the GAL genes in the presence or absence of galactose. Which one of the following
mutations is likely the cause of constitutively expressed GAL genes?
deletion of GAL4
deletion of the UAS elements in the regulatory regions of GAL genes
O deletion of GAL3
O deletion of GAL80
Chapter 17 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 17 - 17.1 Reciprocal crosses of experimental animals or...Ch. 17 - 17.2 How are some of the characteristics of the...Ch. 17 - 17.3 The human mitochondrial genome encodes...Ch. 17 - What is the evidence that transfer of DNA from the...Ch. 17 - Draw a graph depicting the relative amounts of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6PCh. 17 - 17.7 What is the evidence that the ancient...Ch. 17 - 17.8 Outline the steps required for a gene...Ch. 17 - 17.9 Consider the phylogenetic tree presented in...Ch. 17 - You are a genetic counselor, and several members...
Ch. 17 - A mutation in Arabidopsis immutans results in the...Ch. 17 - What type or types of inheritance are consistent...Ch. 17 - You have isolated (1) a streptomycin-resistant...Ch. 17 - You have isolated two petite mutants, pet1 and...Ch. 17 - 17.15 Consider this human pedigree for a vision...Ch. 17 - A 50- year - old man has been diagnosed with MELAS...Ch. 17 - 17.17 The first person in a family to exhibit...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18PCh. 17 - 17.19 What is the most likely mode of inheritance...Ch. 17 - 17.20 In , the Russian Tsar Nicholaswas deposed,...Ch. 17 - 17.21 The dodo bird (Raphus cucullatus) lived on...Ch. 17 - Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plants has...Ch. 17 - 17.23 Wolves and coyotes can interbreed in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 24PCh. 17 - Prob. 25PCh. 17 - Most large protein complexes in mitochondria and...Ch. 17 - As described in this chapter, mothers will pass on...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A mutation creates a dominant negative allele of a particular gene. The gene encodes a protein that forms a trimer within the cell. If one or more of the subunits has the mutant structure, the entire trimeric protein is inactive. In a heterozygous cell, if the proteins of both alleles are present at the same levels, what percent of the trimers present in the cell will be active? A) 100% B) 5% C) 50% D) 33% E) 5%arrow_forward7. Progression from metaphase to anaphase in the cell cycle, and subsequent exit from anaphase, requires sequential events involving the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC). APC is a multi- protein complex that has ubiquitin ligase activity (see pp. 611-612 in your textbook re: ubiquitin). When APC adds adds ubiquitin to a substrate protein, the protein is targeted for degradation by the proteasome. Two important substrates of APC are the proteins securin and cyclin B. Destruction of securin allows the separation of sister chromatids at the beginning of anaphase, whereas subsequent destruction of cyclin B allows cells to exit anaphase (see Figure 24-18 in your textbook). APC Cdh-1 Cdc20- Securin Mitotic cyclins Cohesin G1 Metaphase Anaphase For APC to bind specific substrates, it requires unique adaptor proteins that help it to recognize its substrates. The adaptor protein Cdc20 allows APC to recognize and ubiquitinate securin, while the adaptor Cdh-1 allows APC to recognize and…arrow_forwardIn humans, the average length of a gene on chromosome 7 is 69,000 base pairs, but the average MRNA length on chromosome 7 is only 2,500 base pairs. Chromosome 7 has 863 protein-coding genes, but many more than 863 proteins are made from the genes on chromosome 7. The observation that the length of the average gene on chromosome 7 is longer than the average mRNA length is explained by the process of while the observation that more proteins are produced from the genes on chromosome 7 than there are genes can be explained by the process of O heterogeneity; complementation splicing of introns; alternative splicing O chromatin remodeling; micro RNA binding acetylation; methylation alternative splicing; splicing of intronsarrow_forward
- When an injury occurs to the skin, the epithelial cells near the wound are signaled to react (by proliferating, migrating, and/or differentiating) to restore the skin in the wound. To investigate the healing process, researchers removed a small area of epithelial cells from the skin of mice, causing a wound. The researchers monitored the acetylation status of histone H4 at lysines K5, K8, and K16 on days 1, 4 and 9 after the wound was made. Cells in three regions were studied (see Figure A below): Normal epithelial cells not directly near the wound Epithelial cells adjacent to the wound The cells repopulating/repairing the wound (referred to as an “epithelial tongue” early in the process and “closed wound” later in the process) The percent of cells that were positive for H4 acetylation was recorded. The bar graph in Figure B below shows data for Days 4 and 9 for cells examined in the wound. While this experiment focused on mice, we may be able to apply the results to…arrow_forwardIf lactose is present in a cell with the following genotype, will functional Beta – galactosidase and/or permease be made? LacIs, LacP+, LacOc, LacZ+, LacY- / LacI+, LacP+, LacO+, LacZ-, LacY+ Group of answer choices Both genes will make functional protein. Only Beta – galactosidase will be functional. Only permease will be functional. No functional proteins will be made.arrow_forwardFor each of the following situations, provide a plausible explanation for how it could lead to unrestricted cell division.(a) Colon cancer cells often contain mutations in the gene encoding the prostaglandin E2 receptor. PGE2 is a growth factor required for the division of cells in the gastrointestinal tract.(b) Kaposi sarcoma, a common tumor in people with untreated AIDS, is caused by a virus carrying a gene for a protein similar to the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Chemokines are cell-specific growth factors.(c) Adenovirus, a tumor virus, carries a gene for the protein E1A, which binds to the retinoblastoma protein, pRb. (d) An important feature of many oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes is their celltype specificity. For example, mutations in the PGE2 receptor are not typically found in lung tumors. Explain this observation. (Note that PGE2 acts through a GPCR in the plasma membrane.)arrow_forward
- Dystrophin is a protein that forms part of a vital protein complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber cell to the extracellular matrix. This connection strengthens and shapes the muscle fibers. Dystrophin is coded by the DMD gene. This is one of the longest human genes known, covering 2,300,000 base pairs (0.08% of the human genome) It is located in chromosome 21. The immature mRNA is 2,100,000 bases long and takes 16 hours to transcribe. It contains 79 exons. The mature mRNA measures 14,000 and codes for a protein with 3,685 amino acids. Abnormal expression of dystrophin leads to severe symptoms like muscle weakness and fatigability, a disease that is called muscular dystrophy. Most patients with muscular dystrophy become wheelchair dependent early in life. Cardiac muscle is also affected which results typically in premature death (~ second or third decade of life). Several mutations in this gene have led to the production of low levels of dystrophin or of a defective,…arrow_forwardIn a mutant mouse, it was discovered that a gene "W" is moved from its original chromosomal locus to the telomere region, where chromatin is packed into heterochromatin. Given what we have learned about eukaryotic gene regulation, can you speculate how the expression of gene W in the new mouse line would be changed as compare to the normal mouse? Question 18 options: elevated in the mutant mouse than in the wild-type mouse. cannot be determined. reduced in the mutant mouse than in the wild-type mouse. no change in the mutant mouse as compared to the wild-type mouse.arrow_forwardYou are studying Protein X which plays a role in promoting the G1/S phase transition in eukaryotic cells. You design an experiment using wild-type yeast cells to measure the amount of Gene X MRNA and activity levels of Protein X during the cell cycle. The results from your experiment are shown in the graph below. From the data, which of the following could Protein X be? Protein X activity levels Gene X MRNA levels Relative Units G1 G2 M cyclin inhibitor protein O cyclin dependent kinase O Helicase Cyclinarrow_forward
- Cystic fibrosis is a disease that occurs when an individual carries two copies of a recessive version of a membrane transport gene. A person that is a carrier for cystic fibrosis (that means they carry one copy of the gene that causes cystic fibrosis but their other copy is normal - they do not have cystic fibrosis) has a child with another person that is also a carrier for cystic fibrosis. What is the probability that this couple has three children that do not have cystic fibrosis AND are also not carriers of cystic fibrosis? 0.25 0.422 0.016 2.25 0.75arrow_forwardThe oncogenic protein BETA promotes entry into the S phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation of BETA at the amino acid Tyr98 causes BETA to be degraded by the proteasome, thus limiting its abundance. A mutation in the codon encoding Tyr98 changes this residue to Cys, which cannot be phosphorylated. What is the best description of this mutant allele?a) antimorphb) hypermorphc) hypomorphd) amorphe) neomorpharrow_forwardGiven the following schematic for a gene and its associated regulatory regions, answer the following questions by placing the correct letter in the provided blanks please put in the correct letter for the questions What region would provide cell type-specific expression of genes? region What site would significantly increase gene expression rates? = region What region or regions of this gene’s coding sequence are expressed as amino acids = regionarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY