General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781285853918
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.

Concept Introduction:

Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place.  While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides.  Alkylation is done under basic conditions.  The general equations for amines alkylation process is,

  Ammonia + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base quaternary ammonium salt

Amine is an organic derivative.  If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine.  Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine.  Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  1

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom.  This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.64EP

Organic product is a primary amine.

Explanation of Solution

Given reaction is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  2

The reactants given in the above reaction are ammonia, isopropyl chloride.  Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case.  As the reaction between ammonia and isopropyl chloride gives isopropylamine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction.  The complete reaction can be shown as,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  3

The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to one carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms.  Hence, it is a primary amine.

Conclusion

The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.

Concept Introduction:

Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place.  While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides.  Alkylation is done under basic conditions.  The general equations for amines alkylation process is,

  Ammonia + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base quaternary ammonium salt

Amine is an organic derivative.  If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine.  Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine.  Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  4

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom.  This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.64EP

Organic product is a tertiary amine.

Explanation of Solution

Given reaction is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  5

The reactants given in the above reaction are dimethylamine, methyl bromide.  Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case.  As the reaction between dimethylamine and methyl bromide gives trimethylamine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction.  The complete reaction can be shown as,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  6

The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to three carbon atoms.  Hence, it is a tertiary amine.

Conclusion

The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.

Concept Introduction:

Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place.  While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides.  Alkylation is done under basic conditions.  The general equations for amines alkylation process is,

  Ammonia + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base quaternary ammonium salt

Amine is an organic derivative.  If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine.  Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine.  Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  7

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom.  This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.64EP

Organic product is a secondary amine.

Explanation of Solution

Given reaction is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  8

The reactants given in the above reaction are propylamine, ethyl bromide.  Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case.  As the reaction between propylamine and ethyl bromide gives ethylpropylamine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction.  The complete reaction can be shown as,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  9

The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom.  Hence, it is a secondary amine.

Conclusion

The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.

Concept Introduction:

Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place.  While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides.  Alkylation is done under basic conditions.  The general equations for amines alkylation process is,

  Ammonia + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base amineamine + Alkylhalide Base quaternary ammonium salt

Amine is an organic derivative.  If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine.  Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine.  Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group.  The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  10

Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom.  This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 17.64EP

Organic product is a tertiary amine.

Explanation of Solution

Given reaction is,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  11

The reactants given in the above reaction are ethylisopropylamine, 2-chlorobutane.  Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case.  As the reaction between ethylisopropylamine and 2-chlorobutane gives a tertiary amine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction.  The complete reaction can be given as,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.64EP , additional homework tip  12

The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to three carbon atoms.  Hence, it is a tertiary amine.

Conclusion

The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.

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Chapter 17 Solutions

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.7 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.8 - Prob. 4QQCh. 17.9 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.10 - Prob. 4QQCh. 17.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.11 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.12 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.12 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.12 - Prob. 4QQCh. 17.13 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.13 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.13 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.13 - Prob. 4QQCh. 17.14 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.14 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.14 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.15 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.15 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.16 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.16 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.16 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.17 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.17 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.17 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.18 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.18 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.18 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.19 - Prob. 1QQCh. 17.19 - Prob. 2QQCh. 17.19 - Prob. 3QQCh. 17.19 - Prob. 4QQCh. 17 - Prob. 17.1EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.3EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.5EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.6EPCh. 17 - Indicate whether or not each of the following...Ch. 17 - Indicate whether or not each of the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.9EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.10EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.11EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.12EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.13EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.14EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.15EPCh. 17 - Assign a common name to each of the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.17EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.18EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.19EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.20EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.21EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.22EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.23EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.24EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.25EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.26EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.27EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.28EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.29EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.30EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.31EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.32EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.33EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.34EPCh. 17 - Determine the maximum number of hydrogen bonds...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.36EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.37EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.38EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.39EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.40EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.41EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.42EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.43EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.44EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.45EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.46EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.47EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.48EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.49EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.50EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.51EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.52EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.53EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.54EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.55EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.56EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.57EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.58EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.59EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.60EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.61EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.62EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.63EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.64EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.65EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.66EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.67EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.68EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.69EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.70EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.71EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.72EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.73EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.74EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.75EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.76EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.77EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.78EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.79EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.80EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.81EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.82EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.83EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.84EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.85EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.86EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.87EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.88EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.89EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.90EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.91EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.92EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.93EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.94EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.95EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.96EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.97EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.98EPCh. 17 - Indicate whether or not each of the following...Ch. 17 - Indicate whether or not each of the following...Ch. 17 - Classify each of the following amides as...Ch. 17 - Classify each of the following amides as...Ch. 17 - Classify each of the amides in Problem 17-101 as a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.104EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.105EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.106EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.107EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.108EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.109EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.110EPCh. 17 - Assign an IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 17 - Assign an IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.113EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.114EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.115EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.116EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.117EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.118EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.119EPCh. 17 - What is the relationship between the acronym DEET...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.121EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.122EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.123EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.124EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.125EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.126EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.127EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.128EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.129EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.130EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.131EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.132EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.133EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.134EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.135EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.136EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.137EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.138EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.139EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.140EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.141EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.142EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.143EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.144EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.145EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.146EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.147EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.148EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.149EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.150EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.151EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.152EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.153EPCh. 17 - Prob. 17.154EP
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