Chapter 15, Problem 90A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The comparison needs to be done between the volumes of 1 g of ice at $0{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and 1 g of liquid water at $0{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ .

Concept Introduction: If water freezes, it tends to expand. Water is the only liquid that expands on freezing. Thus, its solid state has a lower volume than the liquid state of the same amount.

Explanation of Solution

The mass of both ice and liquid water is the same which is 1 g at $0{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ . Here, the state of water is different, ice is the solid state of water. Since, water expands if freezes, the volume of ice will be greater than liquid water.

Therefore, 1 g of ice at $0{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ have a higher volume than 1 g of liquid water at $0{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The comparison needs to be done between 1 g of liquid water at $100{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ and 1 g of steam at $100{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ .

Concept Introduction: Solids have compact structures thus; they have definite volumes. The volume of liquid is also defined but in the case of gases, volume is not definite, it can take up the volume of the entire container in which it is placed. Thus, the volume of gases is larger than the volume of liquid of the same mass.

Explanation of Solution

The mass of liquid water and steam is the same that is 1 g at $100{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ . Here, the state of water is different, steam is the gaseous state of water. Since there is no definite volume of gas thus, the volume of steam will be higher than liquid water.

Therefore, 1 g of steam at $100{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ will have a higher volume than 1 g of liquid water at $100{}^{\text{o}}\text{C}$ .