Interpretation: To determine why the particles at the surface of a liquid behave differently from those in the bulk of the liquid.
Concept Introduction: Surfactant, also known as a surface-active agent, is a chemical, such as a detergent, that when applied to a liquid, lowers its surface tension and increases the spreading and wetting capabilities of the liquid.
Answer to Problem 25A
Because a liquid's surface molecule only encounters net downward cohesive forces.
Explanation of Solution
A liquid's surface tension is caused by an imbalance of cohesive and attractive forces among molecules. In the bulk liquid, molecules interact cohesively in all orientations with one another. A liquid's surface molecule only encounters net downward cohesive forces.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Chemistry 2012 Student Edition (hard Cover) Grade 11
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