Chapter 15, Problem 72A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation for the ionization or dissociation of ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}$ in water needs to be written.

Concept Introduction: A substance soluble in water can dissociate into ions (in the aqueous phase) but if it is not soluble in water, it remains in an undissociated form.

Explanation of Solution

The given substance is ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}$ . It can dissociate in water to form ammonium and chloride ions.

The dissociation in water can be represented as follows:

  ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}\left(s\right)\to {\mathrm{NH}}_4{}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{Cl}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation for the ionization or dissociation of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}$ in water needs to be written.

Concept Introduction: A substance soluble in water can dissociate into ions (in the aqueous phase) but if it is not soluble in water, it remains in an undissociated form.

Explanation of Solution

The given substance is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}$ . It can dissociate in water to form an acetate ion and a hydrogen ion.

The dissociation in water can be represented as follows:

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}\left(l\right)\to {\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COO}}^{-}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}^{+}\left(aq\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation for the ionization or dissociation of $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$ in water needs to be written.

Concept Introduction: A substance soluble in water can dissociate into ions (in the aqueous phase) but if it is not soluble in water, it remains in an undissociated form.

Explanation of Solution

The given substance is $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$ . It can dissociate in water into copper ions and nitrate ions. The dissociation reaction can be represented as follows:

  $\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\to {\text{Cu}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)+2{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The equation for the ionization or dissociation of ${\text{HgCl}}_{\text{2}}$ in water needs to be written.

Concept Introduction: A substance soluble in water can dissociate into ions (in the aqueous phase) but if it is not soluble in water, it remains in an undissociated form.

Explanation of Solution

The given substance is ${\text{HgCl}}_{\text{2}}$ . It is soluble in water thus, it dissociates into ${\text{Hg}}^{2+}$ and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ ions. The dissociation reaction can be represented as follows:

  ${\text{HgCl}}_{\text{2}}\left(s\right)\to {\text{Hg}}^{2+}\left(aq\right)+2{\text{Cl}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$