Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 19P
| a. | You want to perform an interrupted-mating mapping with an E. coli Hfr strain that is Pyr, Met, Xyl Tyr, Arg, His, Mal, and Strs. Describe an appropriate bacterial strain to be used as the other partner in this mating. |
| b. | In an Hfr × F cross, the pyrE gene enters the recipient in 5 minutes, but at this time point there are no exconjugants that are Met, Xyl, Tyr, Arg, His, or Mal . The mating is now allowed to proceed for 30 minutes and Pyr exconjugants are selected. Of the Pyr cells, 32% are Met, 94% are Xyl, 7% are Tyr, 59% are Arg, 0% are His, and 71% are Mal . What can you conclude about the order of the genes? |
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Students have asked these similar questions
The following recombinants are recovered when
conjugation occurs between an a*d*g+ donor and an
adg recipient.
at d+ g+ = 84%
a d g+ = 6%
at d g+ = 10%
a dt g+ = less than 1%
What is the map distance between the a and d genes?
10 map units
74 map units
less than 1 map unit
84 map units
6 map units
The following recombinants
are recovered when
conjugation occurs between an a+d+g+ donor and an a
d'g recipient.
at dt g+= 84%
ad g+= 6%
at dg+ = 10%
ad g+= less than 1%
What is the map distance between the a and d genes?
6 map units
less than 1 map unit
10 map units
84 map units
74 map units
A prototrophic strain (his" arg" lac') was used as a donor to transform an auxotrophic strain (his arg
lac'). Initial transformants are isolated on minimal medium + histidine + arginine + lactose - glucose.
i.
What genotypes will grow on this medium?
ii.
These colonies are replicated to minimal medium + histidine, and 50% of the original
colonies grow. What genotypes will grow on this medium?
iii.
The original colonies are also replicated to minimal medium + arginine, and 10% of the
colonies grow. What genotypes will grow on this medium?
iv.
The original colonies are also replicated to minimal medium. No colonies grow. Based
on this information, what genotypes will grow on minimal medium + histidine and on
minimal medium + arginine? What is the relative gene order for his, arg, and lac? Which
two genes are closer? Explain your answer.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 14 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 14 - The unicellular, rod-shaped bacterium E. coli is 2...Ch. 14 - Now that the sequence of the entire E. coli K12...Ch. 14 - Bacterial genomes such as that of E. coli...Ch. 14 - List at least three features of eukaryotic genomes...Ch. 14 - Describe a mechanism by which a gene could move...Ch. 14 - High salt concentrations tend to cause protein...Ch. 14 - Recently, scientists tested the possibility that...Ch. 14 - A recent metagenomic study analyzed the...Ch. 14 - Linezolid is a new type of antibiotic that...
Ch. 14 - A liquid culture of E. coli at a concentration of...Ch. 14 - Pick out the medium i, ii, iii, or iv onto which...Ch. 14 - This problem concerns Fig. 14.14, which...Ch. 14 - In two isolates one is resistant to ampicillin,...Ch. 14 - E. coli cells usually have only one copy of the F...Ch. 14 - In E. coli, the genes purC and pyrB are located...Ch. 14 - DNA sequencing of the entire H. influenzae genome...Ch. 14 - Genes encoding toxins are often located on...Ch. 14 - a. You want to perform an interrupted-mating...Ch. 14 - In Problem 19, do you think that most of the...Ch. 14 - One issue with interrupted-mating experiments such...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22PCh. 14 - Starting with an F- strain that was prototrophic...Ch. 14 - You can carry out matings between an Hfr and F...Ch. 14 - Genome sequences show that some pathogenic...Ch. 14 - Generalized and specialized transduction both...Ch. 14 - This problem highlights some useful variations of...Ch. 14 - A researcher has a Trp auxotrophic strain of E....Ch. 14 - Streptococcus parasanguis is a bacterial species...Ch. 14 - The sequence at one end of one strand of the...Ch. 14 - Scientists who study amino acid biosynthesis...Ch. 14 - Suppose that you could obtain radioactively...Ch. 14 - Prob. 34PCh. 14 - Some scientists are trying to engineer...
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- Draw a diagram/figure to explain the conjugation process (e.g. use PowerPoint or draw one by hand and include a photo of it). You should include in the diagram the F- recipient, Hfr Donor and the transconjugant/recombinant recipient. Make sure to include the genes encoding for Leucine, Threonine, Thiamine and Streptomycin resistance in your diagram. How does an Hfr strain of coli transfers chromosomal DNA to an F- strain? What determines how much of the chromosomal DNA is transferred?arrow_forwardcterium of genotype a+b+c+ is the donor in a cotransformation mapping experiment. The recipient is a-b-c-. percentages of co-transformation are: a-c = 7; b-c = 20: a-b =2 nich two markers are furthest apart? O d) cannot be determined O b-c a-b a-carrow_forwardIn Escherichia coli, four different Hfr strains, derived from the same F* strains, were mated with F strains auxotrophic for a number of nutritional requirements (Arg Bio Cys Trp Gal His Lac Mal Xyl Leu Met). Matings were interrupted at various intervals and cells were plated on minimal medium supplemented with particular nutrients to test for gene transfer. The following results show the time of entry for each of the genes in four different Hfr strains. Table 1: Time-of-Entry Mapping Data* Hfr strains Genes lac" his" arg' bio 9. Cys gal" trp' 5 11.5 2.5 mal" xyl" leu met Hfr 1 Hfr 2 Hfr 3 Hfr 4 6.5 3.5 11 15 15 4 6. 17.5 5 14.5 3 20 * The numbers denote the number of minutes elapsed before a gene enters the F cells. Draw a circular map of E. coli chromosome.arrow_forward
- Time mapping is performed in a cross involving the genes his, leu, mal, and xyl. The recipient cells were auxotrophic for all four genes. After 25 minutes, mating was interrupted with the following results in recipient cells. Diagram the positions of these genes relative to the origin (O) of the F factor and to one another. (a) 90% were xyl+ (b) 80% were mal+ (c) 20% were his+ (d) none were leu+arrow_forwardIn a generalized-transduction experiment, phages arecollected from an E. coli donor strain of genotype cys+leu+ thr+ and used to transduce a recipient of genotypecys- leu- thr-. Initially, the treated recipient populationis plated on a minimal medium supplemented with leucine and threonine. Many colonies are obtained.a. What are the possible genotypes of these colonies?b. These colonies are then replica plated onto threedifferent media: (1) minimal plus threonine only, (2)minimal plus leucine only, and (3) minimal. Whatgenotypes could, in theory, grow on these three media?c. Of the original colonies, 56 percent are observed togrow on medium 1, 5 percent on medium 2, and nocolonies on medium 3. What are the actual genotypes ofthe colonies on media 1, 2, and 3?d. Draw a map showing the order of the three genes andwhich of the two outer genes is closer to the middle genearrow_forwarda. Bacteriophage P22 was used in generalized transduction experiments to infect the Salmonella typhimurium donor strains described in the table below. The resulting phage lysates were then used to infect the S. typhimurium recipient strains listed in the table. In each cross, a phenotype was selected for one of the three genetic markers studied (str, aceA, thrA), and then replicates were performed to select the corresponding recombinants for the other two markers. The results are given in the following table: Recipient strain Selected phenotype Selected recombinants Donor strain str thrA aceAt thrA str aceA+ strs thrA+ aceA thrA+ str aceA Str Ace+ Str ThrA ThrA+ ThrA ThrA+ Ace Ace+ str: gene involved in streptomycin resistance, aceA: gene involved in the use of acetate as a carbon source, thrA: gene involved in the biosynthesis of threonine. Number 60 40 95 5 10 90 What are the selective media used in these three transduction experiments, on the one hand to obtain the selected…arrow_forward
- Three different Hfr strains, derived from the same F* strains (H), were mated with F strains auxotrophic for a number of nutritional requirements (trp bio leu azi mal tyr gal ). Matings were interrupted at various intervals and cells were plated on minimal medium supplemented with particular nutrients to test for gene transfer. The following mapping data was obtained: Genes mal Hfr strains leu 25 trp 17 bio azi gal* tyr Hfr H Hfr 1 Hfr 2 Hfr 3 Hfr 4 4 10 10 18 3 9. 16 14 22 15 3 19 19 11 4 8 Draw a circular map of E. coli chromosome. Include distances (in minutes) between genes in your map and label arrowheads to show the origin of transfer for the five Hfr strains.arrow_forwardThe following recombinants are recovered when conjugation occurs between an a+d+g+ donor and an a d'g recipient. at dt g+= 84% ad g+= 6% at dgt = 10% ad g+ = less than 1% Which gene is in the middle? a The genes are located too far apart on the bacterial genome to determine which gene is in the middle. d Insufficient data are provided to answer this question.arrow_forwardA bacterium of genotype a+ b+ c+ d+ is the donor in a cotransformation mapping. The recipient is a-b-c-d-. Data from the transformed cells is shown below. What is the order of the genes? a+ and b+ 5 a+ and c+ 2 a+ and d+ 0 b+ and c+ 0 b+ and d+ 0 c+ and d+ 5 cbad cadb bcda acbd bacdarrow_forward
- By conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the order of many bacterialgenes. Throughout the course of their studies, they identified severaldifferent Hfr strains in which the F-factor DNA had been integratedat different places along the bacterial chromosome. A sample of theirexperimental results is shown in the following table:Analyze data. Compare and contrast. Make a drawing.arrow_forwardThree different Hfr strains, derived from the same F strains (H), were mated with F- strains auxotrophic for a number of nutritional requirements (trp bio leu azi mal tyr gal ). Matings were interrupted at various intervals and cells were plated on minimal medium supplemented with particular nutrients to test for gene transfer. The following mapping data was obtained: Genes Hfr strains bio leu azi mal gal trp 17 tyr Hfr H Hfr 1 Hfr 2 Hfr 3 Hfr 4 25 4 10 10 18 3 5 9. 1 16 14 22 15 3 19 19 11 4 8 Draw a circular map of E. coli chromosome. Include distances (in minutes) between genes in your map and label arrowheads to show the origin of transfer for the five Hfr strains. (10arrow_forwardBacteriophage P22 was used in generalised transduction experiments to infect the Salmonella typhimurium donor strains described in the table below. The resulting phage lysates were then used to infect the recipient strains of S. typhimurium recipient strains listed in the table. In each cross, a phenotype was selected for one of the selected for one of the three genetic markers studied (str, aceA, thrA), and were made to select the recombinants corresponding to the other two markers. markers. The results are given in the following table: Strain I donor str thrA aceA thrA str aceA+ Strain recipient strs thrA+ aceA thrA str aceA Phenotype selected Str Ace+ Str recombinants selected ThrA ThrA ThrA ThrA Ace Ace Number 60 40 95 5 10 90 str: gene involved in streptomycin resistance, aceA: gene involved in the use of acetate as a carbon source, thrA: gene involved in threonine biosynthesis. 1) What are the selective media used in these three transduction experiments? to obtain the selected…arrow_forward
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