Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 2PDQ
CONCEPT QUESTION
Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 238. These are concerned with the replication and synthesis of DNA. Write a short essay that distinguishes between the terms replication and synthesis, as applied to DNA. Which of the two is most closely allied with the field of biochemistry?
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Select TRUE or FALSE for each of the following statements:
1. Only one of the three phosphate groups present in each nucleotide precursor remains present in a DNA polymer.
2. Starch and cellulose are alike in that both contain sugars bonded together in identical ways.
3. The coding strand of DNA is complementary in sequence to the corresponding MRNA.
4. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesised by ribosomes in the process of translation.
5. Polyribosomes speed up the rate of transcription.
Answer the following questions:
1.)Explain in detail, how DNA replication occurs, include DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase , primase and ligase.
2.) Explain transcription and translation, explain the roles of chromosomes DNA , messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA in the process as well as how complementary base pairing is included.
3.) Illustrate a hypothetical genetic code by spelling out the nucleotide codons of a segement of mRNA and indicating the sequence of amino acids that could be coded for in the process of protein synthesis.
Refer to Problems 26.62 and 26.63. What dipeptide is synthesized from the informational DNA sequence T-A-C-C-C-T?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 11 - In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which of the...Ch. 11 - An alien organism was investigated. When DNA...Ch. 11 - Why might mutations in genes encoding telomerase...Ch. 11 - Although the brother is an immunologically matched...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3CSCh. 11 - HOW DOWE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 11 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 11 - Compare conservative, semiconservative, and...Ch. 11 - Describe the role of 15N in the MeselsonStahl...Ch. 11 - Predict the results of the experiment by Taylor,...
Ch. 11 - What are the requirements for in vitro synthesis...Ch. 11 - In Kornbergs initial experiments, it was rumored...Ch. 11 - How did Kornberg assess the fidelity of DNA...Ch. 11 - Which characteristics of DNA polymerase I raised...Ch. 11 - Kornberg showed that nucleotides are added to the...Ch. 11 - What was the significance of the polA1 mutation?Ch. 11 - Summarize and compare the properties of DNA...Ch. 11 - List and describe the function of the ten subunits...Ch. 11 - Distinguish between (a) unidirectional and...Ch. 11 - List the proteins that unwind DNA during in vivo...Ch. 11 - Define and indicate the significance of (a)...Ch. 11 - Outline the current model for DNA synthesis.Ch. 11 - Why is DNA synthesis expected to be more complex...Ch. 11 - Suppose that E. coli synthesizes DNA at a rate of...Ch. 11 - Several temperature-sensitive mutant strains of E....Ch. 11 - While many commonly used antibiotics interfere...Ch. 11 - Describe the end-replication problem in...Ch. 11 - Many of the gene products involved in DNA...Ch. 11 - In 1994, telomerase activity was discovered in...Ch. 11 - The genome of D. melanogaster consists of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 11 - DNA polymerases in all organisms add only 5...Ch. 11 - Assume that the sequence of bases shown below is...Ch. 11 - Reiji and Tuneko Okazaki conducted a now classic...Ch. 11 - Consider the drawing of a dinucleotide below. (a)...Ch. 11 - To gauge the fidelity of DNA synthesis, Arthur...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- DNA contains many hydrogen bonds. Are hydrogen bonds stronger or weaker than covalent bonds? What are the consequences of this difference in strength?arrow_forwardWhat are the structural differences between RNA and DNA?arrow_forwardThe estimated half-life for P-O bonds is 1.3 x 105 a (a = annum = year). Approximately 109 such bonds are present in a strand of DNA. How long (in terms of its half life) would a single strand of DNA survive with NO cleavage (in the absence of DNA repair enzymes)? Ans: 3067 yearsarrow_forward
- 39 The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information as follows: Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a RNA TO DNA TO PROTEIN DNA TO PROTEIN TO RNA DNA TO RNA TO PROTEIN PROTEIN TO DNA TO RNAarrow_forwardWith regard to DNA replication, define the term bidirectional replication.arrow_forwardWhat entropic factor destabilizes helical DNA at high temperature?arrow_forward
- Z-DNA derives its name from the zig-zag conformation of phosphate groups. What features of the DNA molecule allow this structure to form?arrow_forwardWhat observations are consistent with the conclusion that DNA serves as the genetic material in eukaryotes? List and discuss them.arrow_forwardAs we have focused on DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information in all living things. In particular, we discussed its structure and delved into how we analyze this molecule. Based on your knowledge of these topics,answer several fundamental questions: Question: How do we know that the structure of DNA is in the form ofa right-handed double-helical molecule?arrow_forward
- In the following sequence, a cytosine was deaminated and is now a uracil (underlined). 5’-GGTAUTAAGC-3’ a. Which repair pathway(s) could restore this uracil to cytosine? b. If the uracil is not removed before a DNA replication fork passes through, what will be the sequences of the two resulting double helices? Provide the sequences of both strands of both helices. Label the old and new strands and underline the mutation(s). c. Could the mismatch repair pathway fix the mutations you’ve indicated in part b? d. If the cell undergoes mitosis, and the replicated DNAs are distributed into the two daughter cells. Will 0, 1, or 2 daughter cells have a mutation in this sequence?arrow_forwardName and discuss using a representative example, the non-covalent interactions that maintains stability of the double helical structure of DNA.arrow_forwardWhat is generated from the replication of DNA ? what method is used ? Describe the process. What are Okazaki fragments? What enzymes are used ?arrow_forward
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