Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 13PDQ
List and describe the function of the ten subunits constituting DNA polymerase III. Distinguish between the holoenzyme and the core enzyme.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 11 - In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which of the...Ch. 11 - An alien organism was investigated. When DNA...Ch. 11 - Why might mutations in genes encoding telomerase...Ch. 11 - Although the brother is an immunologically matched...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3CSCh. 11 - HOW DOWE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 11 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 11 - Compare conservative, semiconservative, and...Ch. 11 - Describe the role of 15N in the MeselsonStahl...Ch. 11 - Predict the results of the experiment by Taylor,...
Ch. 11 - What are the requirements for in vitro synthesis...Ch. 11 - In Kornbergs initial experiments, it was rumored...Ch. 11 - How did Kornberg assess the fidelity of DNA...Ch. 11 - Which characteristics of DNA polymerase I raised...Ch. 11 - Kornberg showed that nucleotides are added to the...Ch. 11 - What was the significance of the polA1 mutation?Ch. 11 - Summarize and compare the properties of DNA...Ch. 11 - List and describe the function of the ten subunits...Ch. 11 - Distinguish between (a) unidirectional and...Ch. 11 - List the proteins that unwind DNA during in vivo...Ch. 11 - Define and indicate the significance of (a)...Ch. 11 - Outline the current model for DNA synthesis.Ch. 11 - Why is DNA synthesis expected to be more complex...Ch. 11 - Suppose that E. coli synthesizes DNA at a rate of...Ch. 11 - Several temperature-sensitive mutant strains of E....Ch. 11 - While many commonly used antibiotics interfere...Ch. 11 - Describe the end-replication problem in...Ch. 11 - Many of the gene products involved in DNA...Ch. 11 - In 1994, telomerase activity was discovered in...Ch. 11 - The genome of D. melanogaster consists of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 11 - DNA polymerases in all organisms add only 5...Ch. 11 - Assume that the sequence of bases shown below is...Ch. 11 - Reiji and Tuneko Okazaki conducted a now classic...Ch. 11 - Consider the drawing of a dinucleotide below. (a)...Ch. 11 - To gauge the fidelity of DNA synthesis, Arthur...
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- Define and indicate the significance of DNA ligasearrow_forwardIntroduction: The enzyme deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) is an endonuclease that hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bonds of the double-stranded DNA backbone to yield small oligonucleotide fragments. DNase I is used therapeutically to treat patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The DNase I enzyme is inhaled into the lungs where it then acts upon the DNA contained in the viscous sputum secreted by the lungs in these patients. Hydrolysis of high molecular weight DNA to low molecular weight DNA in the sputum decreases its viscosity and improves lung function. Animal studies have shown that DNase I is also effective in treating the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this disease, the DNA secreted into the serum provokes an immune response. DNase I prevents the immune response by degrading the DNA to smaller fragments that are not recognized by the immune system. Genentech, Inc., the company that produces the recombinant DNase I, was interested in improving the efficiency of…arrow_forwarda) Explain how the molecular mechanism of DNA polymerase enhances DNA replication. b) Discuss the characteristic of DNA polymerase 1, Nick translation Proofreadingarrow_forward
- Introduction: The enzyme deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) is an endonuclease that hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bonds of the double-stranded DNA backbone to yield small oligonucleotide fragments. DNase I is used therapeutically to treat patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The DNase I enzyme is inhaled into the lungs where it then acts upon the DNA contained in the viscous sputum secreted by the lungs in these patients. Hydrolysis of high molecular weight DNA to low molecular weight DNA in the sputum decreases its viscosity and improves lung function. Animal studies have shown that DNase I is also effective in treating the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this disease, the DNA secreted into the serum provokes an immune response. DNase I prevents the immune response by degrading the DNA to smaller fragments that are not recognized by the immune system. Genentech, Inc., the company that produces the recombinant DNase I, was interested in improving the efficiency of…arrow_forwardDescribe the genetic roles of DNA helicase and DNA polymerase. Contrast the function of DNA polymerase with thatof RNA polymerase.arrow_forwardDescribe the Okazaki fragment and its formation in one of the strands of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and the essentiality of their formation, assuming the properties of DNA polymerase.arrow_forward
- From standpoint of replication and transcription, explain how RNA polymerase is allowed to incorporate the first nucleotide whereas DNA polymerase needs a primer. Explain how this difference impacts the process of replication and transcription.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the activity of DNA and RNApolymerases. What is the function of each? What are thesubstrates of each? What is the main difference in thebehavior of the two polymerases?arrow_forwardExplain the function of an origin of replication in the replication of DNA, and know how the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of the number of origins of replication on each chromosome. Explain why replication is different on the two strand at a replication fork, including: how these differences are related to the fact that DNA strands are synthesized in a 5’ to 3’ direction. what is meant by the terms bidirectional replication, and replication bubble. the role of the leading strand, lagging strand, Okazaki fragments, continuous and discontinuous replicationarrow_forward
- Define and indicate the significance of (a) Okazaki fragments,(b) DNA ligase, and (c) primer RNA during DNA replication.arrow_forwardSummarize the functions of the following proteins in E. coli DNA replication: DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III, DnaA, helicase, SSB, primase, the sliding clamp, clamp loader, DNA ligase, Tus, and topoisomerases.arrow_forwardDuring high stress environments, it has been found that some bacteria activate a genetic mechanism that allows them to incorporate more mutations into the DNA during replication. Would the following two enzymes be impacted by such a mechanism? (i)DNA polymerase IIIii) Helicasearrow_forward
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