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Flow through a sudden contraction is shown. The minimum flow area at the vena contracta is given in terms of the area ratio by the contraction coefficient [32],
The loss in a sudden contraction is mostly a result of the vena contracta: The fluid accelerates into the contraction, there is flow separation (as shown by the dashed lines), and the vena contracta acts as a miniature sudden expansion with significant secondary flow losses. Use these assumptions to obtain and plot estimates of the minor loss coefficient for a sudden contraction, and compare with the data presented in Fig. 8.15.
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