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Oil has been flowing from a large tank on a hill to a tanker at the wharf. The compartment in the tanker is nearly full and an operator is in the process of stopping the flow. A valve on the wharf is closed at a rate such that 1 MPa is maintained in the line immediately upstream of the valve. Assume:
Length of line from tank to valve 3 km
Inside diameter of line 200 mm
Elevation of oil surface in tank 60 m
Elevation of valve on wharf 6 m
Instantaneous flow rate 2.5 m3/min
Head loss in line (exclusive of valve being closed) at this rate of flow 23 m of oil
Specific gravity of oil 0.88
Calculate the initial instantaneous rate of change of volume flow rate.
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Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
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