Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 8, Problem 2FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
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Energy is required to reverse the flow of the electron transport chain. Why would this be so?
During aerobic respiration, in heterotrophic organisms, which of the following is a substrate molecule that will be oxidized as it is converted into product molecules?
diatomic oxygen
carbon dioxide
glucose
water
CO2
Explain why your muscles start to hurt when you exercise intensely but not when you are just walking around
normally. Refer to cellular respiration/fermentation and oxgyen in your answer
Hìnt-Which process produces something that might cause the soreness?
anaerobic cellular respiration examples
Lactic Acid Fermentation
20,H,O, + 2 ATP
Alcohol Fermentation
CH,20 2C,H,OH + 2C0, + 2 ATP
aerobic respiration
C,H:O.+ 60z → 6CO2 + 6H;0 + energy
energy out
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 8.1 - explain how photosynthesis and glucose breakdown...Ch. 8.1 - summarize glucose breakdown in the presence and...Ch. 8.2 - What is the net energy yield in ATP and NADH...Ch. 8.2 - explain the energy investment and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 8.3 - How would the rate of ATP production be affected...Ch. 8.3 - Cyanide is a favorite poison in old murder...Ch. 8.3 - Raising a King The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that...Ch. 8.3 - summarize the two major stages of cellular...Ch. 8.3 - explain how ATP is generated by chemiosmosis?
Ch. 8.3 - describe the role of oxygen in cellular...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 8.4 - What would happen if cells were prevented from...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 8.4 - explain the function of fermentation and the...Ch. 8.4 - compare the two types of fermentation?Ch. 8.4 - list some examples of human uses of each type of...Ch. 8.4 - Jeremy has always had difficulty walking rapidly...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is True for one glucose...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8 - Prob. 5MCCh. 8 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a mitochondrion, and explain how...Ch. 8 - What role do the following play in breaking down...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Compare the structure of chloroplasts (described...Ch. 8 - Some species of bacteria use aerobic respiration,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ACCh. 8 - Prob. 3ACCh. 8 - Some species of bacteria that live at the surface...
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- Describe the electron transport chain . What is the substrate? What are the products? Where does it happen? What does it accomplish?arrow_forwardIf a cell has a lot of AMP, cellular respiration will ________________________ due to the enzyme ______________________. Slow down, Rubisco Speed up, phosphofructokinase Speed up, Rubisco Slow down, Phosphofructokinasearrow_forwardWhich of the following processes will result in a direct net increase of ATP concentration? Group of answer choices Anabolic chemical pathways Primary Active transport dehydration synthesis Glycolysisarrow_forward
- Mitochondria convert food to energy/ATP and are thus referred as the ‘powerhouses’ of a cell. This conversion of food to energy process is more efficient than the processes which rely on anaerobic energy production only. Name and explain the energy production process carried out by mitochondria.arrow_forwardIdentify the missing words in the below description about electron transport chain. Word bank: ATP synthase, electrons, glycolysis, oxidation-reduction, oxidoreductases, protons, proton motive force, TCA cycle, Question: NADH and FADH2 generated from and donate their high energy the first electron acceptor molecule on the ETC. The electron then flow through a series of electron accepting molecules via repeated reaction, releasing some energy at each step. The released energy is captured by the membrane-bound (where the e-accepting molecules are in) and used to pump creating a proton concentration gradient (higher outside of the cell, lower inside the cell) known as the cell via the proton channel on the membrane, the energy is used by the enzyme RH Glycolysis NDH-1 NADH+H TCA cycle 4H¹ 4H Electron transfer is coupled to pumping H* ions. 2H NAD + 2H* Quinone pool Quinols carry electrons to another ETS complex pumping H* ions. 2H* Wan SIGH 2H 2H* ½20₂ + 2H* Cyt bo to generate ATP from…arrow_forwardWhich of the following processes use chemiosmosis to drive the synthesis of ATP? Select all that apply. Aerobic cellular respiration Alcohol fermentation Anaerobic cellular respiration Lactic acid fermentationarrow_forward
- Which of the following BEST describes the function of the electron transport system? Energy absorbed by the cytochromes in the system is converted to ATP. The system functions to produce ATP by chemiosmosis in the absence of oxygen. Energy lost from high-energy electrons causes the oxidation of glucose. Energy lost from high-energy electrons results in ATP production by chemiosmosis.arrow_forwardAs electrons move from Complex I & II to Complex IV, H+ ions accumulate in the intermembrane space. Describe how these ions are then used to generate ATP using the following terms: ATP synthase, ADP, ATP, electrochemical gradient, chemiosmosis, intermembrane space, matrix.arrow_forwardplace the following mechanisms to generate ATP in order from least to most generated per glucose molecule: aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration fermentationarrow_forward
- Cyanide poisoning inhibits aerobic respiration at cytochrome c oxidase. Which of the following is NOT a result of cyanide poisoning at the cellular level? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d e Oxygen is reduced to water The rate of glycolysis increases Cells are forced to switch to anaerobic respiration The electron transport chain is not completed None of the above Answered K Open in Reading View ✔Posubmitarrow_forwardComplete the tabulation that describes the various processes employed by living things to generate ATP. This should help you weigh the significance of each process as well as find similarities and differences among them. CELL METABOLISM ANAEROBIC ALCOHOL LACTIC ACID AEROBIC RESPIRATION TO PRODUCE REPIRATION FERMENTATION FERMENTATION ATP DOES IT INVOLVE THE USE OF AN ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN? (YES/NO) FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR REACTANTS END PRODUCTS LOCATION OF OCCURRENCE IN CELL ENERGY GENERATED IN ATP QUANTITYarrow_forwardThe extraction of energy from food molecules by aerobic organisms can be described as taking place in three stages. Select the statements that correctly describe the three major stages in the energy extraction from food. In the second stage, monomers are broken down, and a small amount of ATP is produced. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO₂, and no ATP is produced. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO₂, and a small amount of ATP is produced. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO₂, and most of the ATP needed for cellular processes is produced. In the first stage, macromolecules are converted to monomers, and a small amount of ATP is produced. In the first and second stages, the majority of ATP needed for cellular processes is produced. Incorrectarrow_forward
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