Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 1AC
Some species of bacteria use aerobic respiration, and other species use fermentation. In an oxygen-rich environment, would either type be at a competitive advantage? What about in an oxygen-poor environment?
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The yeti crab is a crustacean that lives near extremely hot hydrothermal vents, where
they wave their hairy forelimbs. Their limbs are covered in bacteria that convert
methane (from the vent) to sugars. The crabs can often be seen waving their limbs in
the water and clearing the bacteria off of their limbs with their mouthparts. Which
statement below is true of this relationship?
This is a commensal relationship. The crab benefits by gaining energy from the
bacteria, and the bacteria neither gain fitness nor lose fitness.
This is a parasitic relationship. The bacteria benefit at the expense of the crab
that must waste energy keeping its limbs clean
This is a mutualistic relationship. The bacteria have an ideal environment for
growth and the crab has a primary source of carbohydrates in a nutrient-limited
environment
This is a commensal relationship. The bacteria have an ideal environment for
growth and the crab has a primary source of carbohydrates in a nutrient-limited
environment
Which of the following carbon-containing compounds is used by
an Autotrophic bacterium as its carbon source?
Acetic acid (C₂H4O2)
Glucose (C6H12O6)
CO₂ gas
Ethanol (C₂H6O)
Consider the diversity of oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis in bacteria:
a. Which group(s) of bacteria carry out oxygenic photosynthesis?
b. Which group(s) of bacteria carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 8.1 - explain how photosynthesis and glucose breakdown...Ch. 8.1 - summarize glucose breakdown in the presence and...Ch. 8.2 - What is the net energy yield in ATP and NADH...Ch. 8.2 - explain the energy investment and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 8.3 - How would the rate of ATP production be affected...Ch. 8.3 - Cyanide is a favorite poison in old murder...Ch. 8.3 - Raising a King The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that...Ch. 8.3 - summarize the two major stages of cellular...Ch. 8.3 - explain how ATP is generated by chemiosmosis?
Ch. 8.3 - describe the role of oxygen in cellular...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 8.4 - What would happen if cells were prevented from...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 8.4 - explain the function of fermentation and the...Ch. 8.4 - compare the two types of fermentation?Ch. 8.4 - list some examples of human uses of each type of...Ch. 8.4 - Jeremy has always had difficulty walking rapidly...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is True for one glucose...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8 - Prob. 5MCCh. 8 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a mitochondrion, and explain how...Ch. 8 - What role do the following play in breaking down...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Compare the structure of chloroplasts (described...Ch. 8 - Some species of bacteria use aerobic respiration,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ACCh. 8 - Prob. 3ACCh. 8 - Some species of bacteria that live at the surface...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- Referencing the image above, you are designing an experiment to determine which food source your yeast utilizes best (flour or glucose). You know that yeast will use the enzyme zymase to digest the substrate to create CO2 via anaerobic respiration and you can capture and measure the CO2 with the balloons. Write hypotheses that you could use to test which food source the yeast prefer. H0: HA:arrow_forwardThink about the conditions (temperature, light, pressure, and organic and inorganic materials) that you may find in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. What type of prokaryotes, in terms of their metabolic needs (autotrophs, phototrophs, chemotrophs, etc.), would you expect to find there?arrow_forwardAlthough chemoautotrophs serve as the primary producers near hydrothermal vents, animals there still ultimately depend on the photosynthetic activities of plants and cyanobacteria. Why?arrow_forward
- Methanopyrus kandleri and Pyrolobus fumarij are bacteria that live near hydrothermal vents under the oceans. Temperatures at these vents can reach well over 100 degrees Celsius. Both organisms obtain energy from hydrogen but Methanopyrus kandleri grows best at 98 degrees Celsius while Pyrolobus fumarij prefers to reproduce at temperatures above 100 degrees Celsius. These bacteria provide the base of a food web at the bottom of the ocean floor. What questions could a student ask in order to investigate this difference between the bacteria? A. What kind of heat tolerance do other nearby organisms have? B. Does the Methanopyrus kandleri live farther away from the vent than the Pyrolobus fumarij? C. Does Methanopyrus kandleri have a thicker cell wall than Pyrolobus fumarij? D. Is one organism better adapted to the environment than the other?arrow_forwardBased on the diagram below, which of the following statements is TRUE? D E A outside cell inside cell B ATP ADP+ Pi 1) F requires ATP directly 2) B is an example of symport 3) B is gradient driven 4) B is an example of antiport 5) None of the above are true C G F iiii L H (CO Narrow_forward4) Which is one major difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration? A) Electron donor B) Electron acceptor C) Use of electron transport D) Use of proton motive forcearrow_forward
- Atmospheric nitrogen can be useda) directly by all living organisms.b) only by aerobic bacteria.c) only by anaerobic bacteria.d) in symbiotic relationships between rhizobia and plants.e) in photosynthesis.arrow_forwardName the bacteria that fix CO2 by using chemical energy as source.arrow_forwardMost ecosystems on Earth rely on sunlight as the primary energy source for the synthesis of organic compounds that living organisms need. Sunlight does not penetrate deep enough in the ocean to provide energy for organisms living near hydrothermal vents. How can these densely populated communities survive without energy from the sun? A. chemoheterotrophic bacteria convert organic compounds into carbon dioxide which is used by other organisms as an energy source B. chemoautotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities C. chemoheterotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities D. chemoautotrophic bacteria fix nitrogen which then is used as a source of energy for other organismsarrow_forward
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