Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 21CONQ
Explain how aneuploidy, deletions, and duplications cause genetic imbalances. Why do you think that deletions and monosomies are more detrimental than duplications and trisomies?
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Why do you think that deletions and monosomies are more detrimental than duplications and trisomies?
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 8.1 - 1. A chromosome that is metacentric has its...Ch. 8.1 - Staining eukaryotic chromosomes is useful because...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 8.3 - Which of the following statements is correct? a....Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 8.4 - 1. A paracentric inversion
a. includes the...Ch. 8.4 - Due to crossing over within an inversion loop, a...Ch. 8.4 - 3. A mechanism that may cause a translocation is...Ch. 8.5 - 1. Humans have 23 chromosomes per set. A person...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1COMQ
Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 8.7 - The term endopolyploidy refers to the phenomenon...Ch. 8.7 - 2. In agriculture, an advantage of triploidy in...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 8.8 - The somatic cells of an allotetraploid contain a....Ch. 8 - 1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 8 - 3. How does a chromosomal duplication occur?
Ch. 8 - 4. What is a gene family? How are gene families...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 8 - Two chromosomes have the following orders for...Ch. 8 - An inversion heterozygote has the following...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 8 - Explain why inversions and reciprocal...Ch. 8 - 10. An individual has the following reciprocal...Ch. 8 - A phenotypically normal individual has the...Ch. 8 - 12. Two phenotypically normal parents produce a...Ch. 8 - With regard to the segregation of centromeres, why...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 8 - 16. A phenotypically abnormal individual has a...Ch. 8 - 17. A diploid fruit fly has eight chromosomes. How...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 8 - 20. Aneuploidy is typically detrimental, whereas...Ch. 8 - 21. Explain how aneuploidy, deletions, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 8 - 23. A cytogeneticist has collected tissue samples...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 8 - A zookeeper has collected a male and a female...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 8 - 27. What is mosaicism? How is it produced?
Ch. 8 - 28. Explain how polytene chromosomes of Drosophila...Ch. 8 - 29. Describe some of the advantages of polyploid...Ch. 8 - 30. While conducting field studies on a chain of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 8 - Which of the following terms should not be used to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 34CONQCh. 8 - A triploid plant has 18 chromosomes (i.e., 6...Ch. 8 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 37CONQCh. 8 - 38. A woman who is heterozygous, Bb, has brown...Ch. 8 - 39. What is an allodiploid? What factor determines...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40CONQCh. 8 - 41. Table 8.1 shows that Turner syndrome occurs...Ch. 8 - 42. Male honeybees, which are haploid, produce...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1EQCh. 8 - Prob. 2EQCh. 8 - With regard to the analysis of chromosome...Ch. 8 - 4. Describe how colchicine can be used to alter...Ch. 8 - 5. Describe the steps you would take to produce a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6EQCh. 8 - What are G bands? Discuss how G bands are useful...Ch. 8 - A female fruit fly has one normal X chromosome and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2QSDCCh. 8 - Besides the ones mentioned in this textbook, look...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4QSDCCh. 8 - 5. Discuss the importance of gene families at the...
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- Explain how aneuploidy, deletions and duplications cause genetic imbalances.arrow_forwardLet's suppose that a normal chromosome carries genes labeled A through /. The centromere is located between genes B and C. As shown below, a chromosome with an inversion has a region where the order of certain genes is reversed. Note: The genes on the inverted chromosome carry recessive alleles that are designated with lowercase letters. Normal chromosome: A B Centromere C D E F G H I Chromosome with an inversion: a b Centromere c d h g fei A. If you ignore possible fertility issues, do you think this individual will otherwise be phenotypically normal or abnormal? Explain why. B. Let's suppose a single crossover during meiosis occurs between these two homologs in the region between genes F and G (and between g and f). Following the crossover, what is the order of genes (designated with upper and lower case letters) on the two resulting chromosomes. Include centromeres in your answer. Hint: Both of the resulting chromosomes will carry gene deletions and gene duplications.arrow_forwardCompare the following three terms: polyploidy, aneuploidy, and nondisjunction. Briefly discuss examples of each of these conditions.arrow_forward
- A normal mother has translocations on chromosomes 14:21. With respect to chromosomes 14:21, how many combinations of chromosomes are possible? How many gametes are viable? If the woman has children with an normal father, what is the probability that there is a daughter with Down Syndrome or a son with an unaffected phenotype?arrow_forwardA boy with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) has 46 chromosomes. One parent and his two older sisters have a normal phenotype, but each have 45 chromosomes. a)Explain how this is possible. b)How many chromosomes do you expect to see in karyotypes of the parents? c)What term best describes this kind of chromosome abnormality? d)What is the probability the next child of this couple will have a normal phenotype and have 46 chromosomes? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhat are the possible effects of chromosomal rearrangements?arrow_forward
- Which of the ff. statements is NOTtrue: A) Euploid is a good set of chromosome number B) Monosomies are typically phenotypically normal than syndromic C) Down syndrome can result from either a trisomy or a translocation D) Polyploids in humans are nearly always lethalarrow_forwardTwo phenotypically normal parents produce a phenotypically abnormal child in which chromosome 5 is missing part of its long arm but has a piece of chromosome 7 attached to it. The child also has one normal copy of chromosome 5 and two normal copies of chromosome 7. With regard to chromosomes 5 and 7, what do you think are the chromosomal compositions of the parents? Would it most likely be reciprocal translocation? It wouldn't be simple translocation because then the child would have the entirety of one chromosome and only some of the other, but in this case, there is only partial chromosome 5 and chromosome 7?arrow_forward. In a diploid organism of 2n = 10, assume that you canlabel all the centromeres derived from its female parentand all the centromeres derived from its male parent.When this organism produces gametes, how many maleand female-labeled centromere combinations are possible in the gametes?arrow_forward
- A phenotypically abnormal individual has a phenotypically normalfather with an inversion on one copy of chromosome 7 and a phenotypicallynormal mother without any changes in chromosomestructure. The orders of genes along the two copies of chromosome7 in the father are as follows: R T D M centromere P U X Z C (normal chromosome 7)R T D U P centromere M X Z C (inverted chromosome 7) The phenotypically abnormal offspring has a chromosome 7 withthe following order of genes: R T D M centromere P U D T R Using a sketch, explain how this chromosome was formed. In youranswer, explain where the crossover occurred (i.e., between whichtwo genes).arrow_forwardWhy does aneuploidy usually have a detrimental effect on phenotype while polyploidy doesn't have as detrimental of an effect?arrow_forwardWhat kind of chromosomal mutations is/are produced by unequal crossing over?arrow_forward
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