Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 20CONQ
Aneuploidy is typically detrimental, whereas polyploidy is sometimes beneficial, particularly in plants. Discuss why you think this is the case.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Compare the following three terms: polyploidy, aneuploidy, and nondisjunction. Briefly discuss examples of each of these conditions.
Sketch a series of diagrams showing each of the following, making sure to end each series with haploid cells:(a) How a pair of alleles for a single locus segregate in meiosis(b) How the alleles of two unlinked loci assort independently in meiosis(c) How the alleles of two linked loci undergo genetic recombination
In the plant, Haplopappus gracile there is one long pair and one short pair of chromosomes. In the diagrams
below, anaphase of individual cells in meiosis or mitosis in a plant that is heterozygous for the genes, A and
B (which are on separate chromosomes) are shown. The lines represent chromosomes or chromatids and the
points of the "V" are the centromeres. For each case, indicate if the cell represents meiosis I, meiosis II,
mitosis, or impossible situation. Provide a brief (one sentence) reason for your decision.
1.
A
A
a
В
a
B
9.
A
a
B
A
a
2.
а
В
В
a
A
a
B
9.
B.
a
A
3.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 8.1 - 1. A chromosome that is metacentric has its...Ch. 8.1 - Staining eukaryotic chromosomes is useful because...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 8.3 - Which of the following statements is correct? a....Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 8.4 - 1. A paracentric inversion
a. includes the...Ch. 8.4 - Due to crossing over within an inversion loop, a...Ch. 8.4 - 3. A mechanism that may cause a translocation is...Ch. 8.5 - 1. Humans have 23 chromosomes per set. A person...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1COMQ
Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 8.7 - The term endopolyploidy refers to the phenomenon...Ch. 8.7 - 2. In agriculture, an advantage of triploidy in...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 8.8 - The somatic cells of an allotetraploid contain a....Ch. 8 - 1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 8 - 3. How does a chromosomal duplication occur?
Ch. 8 - 4. What is a gene family? How are gene families...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 8 - Two chromosomes have the following orders for...Ch. 8 - An inversion heterozygote has the following...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 8 - Explain why inversions and reciprocal...Ch. 8 - 10. An individual has the following reciprocal...Ch. 8 - A phenotypically normal individual has the...Ch. 8 - 12. Two phenotypically normal parents produce a...Ch. 8 - With regard to the segregation of centromeres, why...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 8 - 16. A phenotypically abnormal individual has a...Ch. 8 - 17. A diploid fruit fly has eight chromosomes. How...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 8 - 20. Aneuploidy is typically detrimental, whereas...Ch. 8 - 21. Explain how aneuploidy, deletions, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 8 - 23. A cytogeneticist has collected tissue samples...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 8 - A zookeeper has collected a male and a female...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 8 - 27. What is mosaicism? How is it produced?
Ch. 8 - 28. Explain how polytene chromosomes of Drosophila...Ch. 8 - 29. Describe some of the advantages of polyploid...Ch. 8 - 30. While conducting field studies on a chain of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 8 - Which of the following terms should not be used to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 34CONQCh. 8 - A triploid plant has 18 chromosomes (i.e., 6...Ch. 8 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 37CONQCh. 8 - 38. A woman who is heterozygous, Bb, has brown...Ch. 8 - 39. What is an allodiploid? What factor determines...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40CONQCh. 8 - 41. Table 8.1 shows that Turner syndrome occurs...Ch. 8 - 42. Male honeybees, which are haploid, produce...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1EQCh. 8 - Prob. 2EQCh. 8 - With regard to the analysis of chromosome...Ch. 8 - 4. Describe how colchicine can be used to alter...Ch. 8 - 5. Describe the steps you would take to produce a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6EQCh. 8 - What are G bands? Discuss how G bands are useful...Ch. 8 - A female fruit fly has one normal X chromosome and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2QSDCCh. 8 - Besides the ones mentioned in this textbook, look...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4QSDCCh. 8 - 5. Discuss the importance of gene families at the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the following diagram, designate each daughter cell as diploid (2n) or haploid (n).arrow_forwardDiscuss the following sets of terms: a. trisomy and triploidy b. aneuploidy and polyploidyarrow_forwardA heterozygous diploid yeast Aa Bb went through meiosis. What percentage of the haploid spores will have recombinant combinations of alleles? What if genes A and B are unlinked? Explain What is genes A and B are linked? Explainarrow_forward
- Shown below are photomicrographs of Rhoeo tradescantia cells undergoing meiosis. Answer the following question for each of the photomicrographs: Identify the cytogenetic abnormality observed (ex. ring, chain, laggard, bridge). Identify the meiotic stage in which these aberrations are observed (as shown in the photomicrograph). Explain how these aberrations are formed and relate to the possible causal mutation(s). Will this result to sterile and/or fertile gametes? Explain.arrow_forwardA prairie grass species called "little bluestem" is tetraploid. It has four complete sets of chromosomes. There are ten kinds of chromosomes; in other words, each complete set of chromosomes has a total of 10 chromosomes. A single somatic cell (e.g., a cell in a leaf) will have 40 chromosomes, 4 of each kind of chromsome, i.e., 4 of the number 1 chromsome, 4 of the number 2 chromsome, etc. The illustration below shows prophase of meiosis 1 in chromosome number 10. In a diploid cell, there would be one tetrad (group of 4 chromatids) for each kind of chromosome. For example, there would be one tetrad for chromosome 8, one for chromsome 9, etc. When the tetraploid little bluestem undergoes meiosis, how many of chromosome number 10 will each sperm cell carry?arrow_forwardA diploid species has 3 pairs of chromosomes in its somatic cells. In males, the first pair is large submetacentric[1]; the second is medium acrocentric[2], and the third is small telocentric[3]. In females, the first two pairs are like those of the males while the third is large metacentric[4][5], with satellite4 Illustrate the karyograms (drawing/picture of the chromosome) of the following: A triploid cell in females tetrasomic cell in males tetraploid cell in females [1] submetacentric --centrosome is just above the middle of the chromosome [2] acrocentric --centrosome is much higher location than submetacentric so that the “p” arm of the chromosome is much shorter than the q arm [3] telocentric --the centromere is at the end of the chromosome [4] metacentric --centrosome is in the middle of the chromosome; thus the “p-arm” and the “q-arm” or both arms of the chromosome are equal in length [5] satellite-a constriction in an arm of a chromosome, aside…arrow_forward
- In rice, male sterility is controlled by maternal cytoplasmic elements. This phenotype renders the male part of rice plants (i.e. the stamen) unable to produce fertile pollen; the female parts, however, remain receptive to pollination by pollen from male fertile rice plants. However, the presence of a nuclear fertility restorer gene F restores fertility to male-sterile lines. Give the result(s) of the cross and explain the phenotype of the offspring.arrow_forwardOne reason that worker bees forgo their own reproduction to help their sister (the queen) reproduce is that female bees are more closely related to their sisters than they are to their own offspring. This quirk of genetics results from the fact that bees have haplodiploid sex determination, in which females are diploid, with a mother and a father, but males are haploid, developing from unfertilized eggs. Because males are haploid, they produce sperm by mitosis. Explainwhy haplodiploid sex determination causes females to be more closely related to their sisters than to their offspring.arrow_forwardIn Drosophila melanogaster, a normal individual has 8 chromosomes. The species is diploid, having two sets of 4 chromosomes each. on rare occasions, an abnormal fruit fly can be produced with 12 chromosomes, having three sets of 4 chromosomes each. True/False: Such a fly is euploid. True Falsearrow_forward
- In Brinjal eggplants, purple fruit is incompletely dominant to white fruit, with the heterozygote being light violet. What is/are the genotype(s) of: the megaspore mother cell of a plant with purple flowers? the polar nucleus of a plant with light violet flowers? the megasporocyte of a plant with white flowers? the companion cell of a plant with light violet flowers?arrow_forwardAll of the following cells, shown in various stages of mitosis and meiosis, come from the same rare species of plant. a. What is the diploid number of chromosomes in this plant? b. Give the names of each stage of mitosis or meiosis shown. c. Give the number of chromosomes and number of DNA molecules per cell present at each stage.arrow_forwardWhich of the following could be used to produce seedless strawberries? cross between two tetraploid strawberries cross between a diploid and a triploid strawberry mitotic nondisjunction in a tetraploid strawberry cross between two triploid strawberries cross between a diploid and a tetraploid strawberryarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY