Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 3QP
Summary Introduction
To determine: The time taken by ovum that was fertilized on July 1, 2004, to complete meiosis.
Introduction: Humans reproduce by sexual reproduction where a male gamete called sperm, fuses with a female gamete called oocyte to produce a zygote. Gonads are the organs where the male and the female gametes are produced. The male gametes are produced with the help of male sex hormones called androgens and the female gametes are produced with the help of female sex hormones called estrogens. The process of production of zygote is referred to as fertilization.
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Young married couple had been trying to conceive a baby for 2 years without success. The husband has a sperm count in the “fertile” range. The wife menstruates regularly. What biological and hormonal indicators could you use to determine whether the woman was ovulating? Does a normal sperm count ensure male fertility?
In animal spermatogenesis, there are how many of the following cell/s are produced from 10 spermatogonia?
Cells
Number
1. Primary spermatocyte
2. Secondary spermatocyte
3. Spermatid
4. Spermatozoa
Some couple practice natural family planning (also known as the rhythm method of birth control), which involves abstaining from sexual intercourse during the time that a woman can become pregnant in her menstrual cycle. The egg only survives in the fallopian tube from 24 hours after ovulation, so conception can only happen during a 24-hour period each month. However, this form of contraceptive is very unreliable and is not recommended for couples who are actively trying to avoid pregnancy.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why this form of birth control is unreliable?
A. Sperm can survive in the fallopian tubes for 3 to 5 days.
B. Ovulation can be affected by stress or illness.
C. Women always ovulate on the same day of their menstrual cycle every month.
D. It is difficult to predict exactly when in her cycle a woman ovulates.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1EGCh. 7.6 - Prob. 2EGCh. 7 - As outlined in this chapter, sex can be defined at...Ch. 7 - As outlined in this chapter, sex can be defined at...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1QPCh. 7 - The Human Reproductive System Discuss and compare...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3QPCh. 7 - A Survey of Human Development from Fertilization...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5QPCh. 7 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7QPCh. 7 - How Is Sex Determined? The absence of a Y...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9QPCh. 7 - Mutations Can Uncouple Chromosomal Sex from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11QPCh. 7 - Mutations Can Uncouple chromosomal Sex from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 13QPCh. 7 - Sex-Influenced and Sex-Limited Traits What method...Ch. 7 - Prob. 15QPCh. 7 - Prob. 16QPCh. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...Ch. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...Ch. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...
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- Which of the following are stages in the ovarian cycle? Select all that apply. The primary oocyte completes meiosis I and divides unequally, forming a secondary oocyte and a polar body. The rupture of the main follicle releases a secondary oocyte coated with secreted protein and follicle cells. The oocyte enlarges and secretes a layer of proteins, and the cells around the oocyte divide repeatedly. A A corpus luteum develops from the follicle cells left behind after ovulation, and this structure breaks down if pregnancy does not occur. A fluid-filled cavity begins to form in the follicle's cell layer surrounding the primary oocyte.arrow_forwardDuring gametogenesis, from a single germ cell (oocyte/spermatocyte), males produce O4;1 O 4;4 O 1;1 O 1;4 gamete(s) and females producearrow_forwardAfter learning about the reproductive systems, how would advise a couple with following concern: "If we do not want a baby for next two years, how can we calculate the safe sex period?" She shares that her cycle is regular but not standard 28 days long cycle (so the standard explanation form different sources won't work unless you think critically)! At what time of the female cycle is she most likely to prevent fertilization of her ovulated egg? Consider the fact that her cycle is not 28 days but longer or shorter (you pick). Do males have any time (in their cycle- if any) when their gametes would not be able to fertilize the egg? In other words when can intercourse lead to least chance of pregnancy? Feel free to check with your older friends, doctors, nurses, or anyone who you feel comfortable talking about this.arrow_forward
- Some couples practice natural family planning (also known as the rhythm method of birth control), which involves abstaining from sexual intercourse during the time that a woman can become pregnant in her menstrual cycle. The egg only survives in the Fallopian tube for 24 hours after ovulation, so conception can only happen during a 24-hour period each month. However, this form of contraception is very unreliable and is not recommended for couples who are actively trying to avoid pregnancy. Which of the following is NOT a reason why this form of birth control is unreliable? Select one: a. Women always ovulate on the same day of their menstrual cycle every month. b. Ovulation can be affected by stress or illness. c. Sperm can survive in the Fallopian tubes for 3 to 5 days. d. It is difficult to predict exactly when in her cycle a woman ovulates.arrow_forwardThe graph above shows the estrogen and progesterone levels of an individual during a menstrual cycle of 28 days. The top light blue line indicates the progesterone levels and the bottom purple line indicates the estrogen levels. This individual is Answer. ( pregnant, in luteal phase , in follicular phase, entering menopause, taking oral contraceptive, in pre-ovulation phase , ovulating)This individual can be expected to have ( high , low ) levels of FSH and LH. (BOLDED WORDS ARE THE POSSIBLE ANSWERS IVE PROVIDED, WHIVCH ONE IS CORRECT FOR THE SENTENCE.)arrow_forwardThe chance of successful fertilization is approximately 18% in every cycle. Why does this statistic seem so low? All of the following statements provide a reason as to why the chance of fertilization is only 18% for every ovarian cycle EXCEPT Select one: a. Some sperm cells are not very motile, while others are formed without a tail. b. There are two Fallopian tubes and two ovaries, but only one of them releases an ovum every cycle. c. If more than one sperm fertilize an egg, multiple embryos can result. d. The vagina is very acidic, killing many sperm cells.arrow_forward
- In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a procedure that can help couples who are having difficulty becoming pregnant due to blocked Fallopian tubes, low sperm count, low sperm motility, or sperm that cannot penetrate the outer layer of an egg, among other conditions.Normally, an ovary produces one mature ovum per 28-day cycle. In order to ensure a successful IVF procedure, doctors try to retrieve a large number of mature eggs.In order to obtain a greater than normal number of mature eggs, doctors inject the IVF candidate with a drug such as Bravellissima, which stimulates multiple follicle development. They also administer a drug such as Centrotic, which suppresses ovulation to prevent earlier than anticipated ovulation of mature ova. Which of the following rows correctly identifies the naturally occurring hormones that the IVF drugs are imitating? Select one: a. Bravellissima Centrotic FSH Estrogen b. Bravellissima Centrotic Progesterone LH c. Bravellissima…arrow_forwardSpermatogenesis and Oogenesis result in the production of 4 equally sized meiotic products. Group of answer choices True Falsearrow_forwardThe head of a sperm contains a haploid nucleus with 23 chromosomes. True Falsearrow_forward
- combination birth control pills contain estrogen and progestin. A typical pill packet contains 3 weeks of active hormones and 1 week of placebo pills. During the week of placebo pills, menstruation occurs. Use your knowledge of the hormonol control of the female reproductive system to: 1) Explain how the pills alter the feedback pathways of FSH and LH to prevent pregnancy. 2) Explain why menstruation occurs during the placebo weekarrow_forwardIn cats, each cell normally contains 19 pairs of chromosomes (2n=38). How many chromosomes will be found in: Polar bodies Oogonia Spermatid Spermatozoan Spermatogonium Primary spermatocyte Secondary spermatocytearrow_forwardwhich of the following enables males to produce sperm throughout adulthood? type a daughter cells, spermatozoa, type B daughter cells, or primary spermatocytes.arrow_forward
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