Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 1QP
Summary Introduction
To determine: The number of chromosomes present in a human secondary oocyte as it leaves the ovary during ovulation.
Introduction: Humans reproduce by sexual reproduction where a male gamete called sperm, fuses with a female gamete called oocyte to produce a zygote. Gonads are the organs where the male and the female gametes are produced. The male gametes are produced with the help of male sex hormones called androgens and the female gametes are produced with the help of female sex hormones called estrogens. The process of production of zygote is referred to as fertilization.
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Most sexual organisms are either male or female though some are hermaphroditic. In human beings and Drosophila (fruitfly), the sex of an individual is determined by the kind of sex chromosomes they possess. Males have two types of chromosomes, a big chromosome X and a small chromosome Y while females have only one kind, 2X or XX. The X and Y chromosomes segregate during the formation of mature spermatozoa (sprematogenesis) so that a mature sperm contains only either X or Y.
What is the probability of getting an X-bearing sperm? A Y-bearing sperm? How many kinds of ova as to the kind of sex chromosome present can be produced? Determine the probability of getting a boy or girl. Show your calculations.
Most sexual organisms are either male or female though some are hermaphroditic. In human beings and Drosophila (fruitfly), the sex of an individual is determined by the kind of sex chromosomes they possess. Males have two types of chromosomes, a big chromosome X and a small chromosome Y while females have only one kind, 2X or XX. The X and Y chromosomes segregate during the formation of mature spermatozoa (sprematogenesis) so that a mature sperm contains only either X or Y.
What is the probability of getting an X-bearing sperm? A Y-bearing sperm? How many kinds of ova as to the kind of sex chromosome present can be produce? Determine the probability of getting a boy or girl. Show your calculations.
In the process of Oogenesis in animal cells, will the genotype of the second polar body (derived from meiosis II) always be identical to that of the ootid? Why or why not?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1EGCh. 7.6 - Prob. 2EGCh. 7 - As outlined in this chapter, sex can be defined at...Ch. 7 - As outlined in this chapter, sex can be defined at...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1QPCh. 7 - The Human Reproductive System Discuss and compare...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3QPCh. 7 - A Survey of Human Development from Fertilization...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5QPCh. 7 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7QPCh. 7 - How Is Sex Determined? The absence of a Y...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9QPCh. 7 - Mutations Can Uncouple Chromosomal Sex from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11QPCh. 7 - Mutations Can Uncouple chromosomal Sex from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 13QPCh. 7 - Sex-Influenced and Sex-Limited Traits What method...Ch. 7 - Prob. 15QPCh. 7 - Prob. 16QPCh. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...Ch. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...Ch. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...
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- The spermatogonial cell has 46 chromosomes in human male. Give the number of chromosomes in: (a) Primary spermatocyte (b) Spermatidarrow_forwardIn a human secondary spermatocyte, if the chromatids of one chromosome failed to separate during the second meiotic division, how many chromosomes would be in each of the resulting gametes?arrow_forwardIf one follows 50 primary oocytes in an animal through theirvarious stages of oogenesis, how many secondary oocytes wouldbe formed? How many first polar bodies would be formed? Howmany ootids would be formed? If one follows 50 primary spermatocytes in an animal through their various stages of spermatogenesis, how many secondary spermatocytes would beformed? How many spermatids would be formed?arrow_forward
- In cats, each cell normally contains 19 pairs of chromosomes (2n=38). How many chromosomes will be found in: Polar bodies Oogonia Spermatid Spermatozoan Spermatogonium Primary spermatocyte Secondary spermatocytearrow_forwardA sperm cell from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster contains four chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be present in a spermatogonial cell about to enter meiosis? How many chromatids would be present in a spermatogo- nial cell at metaphase I of meiosis? How many would be present at metaphase II?arrow_forwardPolar bodies are generated during 1. Mitosis in females 2. Meiosis in males 3. Meiosis females 4. Meiosis in both females and malesarrow_forward
- How many sets of chromosomes does each sperm cell carry? How many does each egg cell have? Gametes such as sperm cells and egg cells are said to be (circle one: diploid, haploid). After a sperm and an egg have fused, the new cell is called a , and it is (circle one: diploid, haploid).arrow_forwardThe result of spermatogenesis is: 4 viable haploid spermatids. 1 viable haploid spermatid and 3 haploid polar bodies. 4 viable diploid spermatids. 1 viable diploid spermatids and 3 diploid polar bodies.arrow_forwardFertilization is the fusion of haploid gametes, ovum and spermatozoon, to form a diploid zygote. Discuss physiologic mechanisms in the male and the female that make sure that indeed only one sperm fertilizes a single eggarrow_forward
- How many sex chromosomes are in a humans ovumarrow_forwardThe result of spermatogenesis is: 4 viable haploid spermatids. 1 viable haploid spermatid and 3 haploid polar bodies. 4 viable diploid spermatids. 1 viable diploid spermatids and 3 diploid polar bodies. Don't copy from Googlearrow_forwardAn elephant sperm cell contains 28 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be in an elephant: • liver cell? • ovum?arrow_forward
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