Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 48, Problem 10TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Neurons are also known as nerve cells. They transmit signals about stimuli to the brain. The long projections of neurons are termed as axons. On the contrary, the signals that are conducted by axons are termed as action potentials.
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Repolarization of an axon during an action potential is produced by a. inward diffusion of Na+. b. active extrusion of K+. c. outward diffusion of K+. d. inward active transport of Na+.
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Chapter 48 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 48 - Prob. 1IQCh. 48 - a. What is the principal cation inside the cell?...Ch. 48 - The following diagram shows the changes in...Ch. 48 - Prob. 4IQCh. 48 - Prob. 5IQCh. 48 - Prob. 6IQCh. 48 - Prob. 7IQCh. 48 - Develop a flowchart or diagram or write a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 48 - During a neurons resting state a. there are more...Ch. 48 - Which of the following contribute(s) to the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 48 - After the rapid depolarization of an action...Ch. 48 - Nodes of Ranvier are a. gaps where Schwann cells...Ch. 48 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 48 - Signal transmission is faster in myelinated axons...Ch. 48 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 48 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 48 - If the binding of a neurotransmitter to its...
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- Any change in a neuron's membrane potential that moves the membrane potential to a value more negative than the resting potential (e.g. -120mv) is: a. Hypopolarization b. Depolarization c. An action potential d. HyperpolarizationNOTE: A IS INCORRECTarrow_forwardIf a post synaptic neuron is stimulated to threshold by spatial summation this implies that Select one: a. the post synaptic cell has many voltage gated ion channels b. the post synaptic cell has a lower than normal threshold c. the post synaptic cell is slow to repolarize d. the post synaptic cell is synapsing with multiple presynaptic neuronsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the action potential (AP)? A. The absolute refractory period may be overcome if enough excitatory stimulation is applied to the neuronal membrane. B. The absolute refractory period is due the closing of the activation gate of voltage gated sodium channels at the peak of the AP. C. The relative refractory period is due to the closing of the activation gate of voltage gated potassium channels during the overshoot phase of the AP. D. The relative refractory period is due the closing of the inactivation gate of voltage gated sodium channels . E. All of the above statements are FALSE.arrow_forward
- During saltatory conduction, action potentials are generated: a. along the entire length of the unmyelinated axon. b. regardless if threshold is reached. c. when the entire axolemma is depolarized. d. only at nodes of Ranvier of myelinated axons.arrow_forwardAn inhibitory post synaptic potential is a membrane potential that: A. Is slightly depoloarized from resting membrane potential B. Is slightly hyperpolarized from resting membrane potential C. Is graded potential D. Both B & Carrow_forwardMatch the description with the statement that best describes the following regions synaptic knob axon hillock dendrites axon A. elongated projection that conducts electrical signals over long distances B. receives input from other neurons C. region of high denisty of voltage-gated channels, known as the trigger zone D. contains numerous vesicles containing neurotransmitterarrow_forward
- During a relative refractory period of an action potential A. Another action potential can be fired, it just takes a greater stimulus for the membrane potential to reach threshold B. Na+ channels are either already open or are inactivated therefore the membrane absolutely can not produce another action potential, no matter how intense the stimulus C. Ca++ flows out of the cell, causing hyperpolarization and a need for a greater stimulus to generate the action potential D. The presynaptic neuron "tells" the postsynaptic neuron about the "relative" strength of signal E. None of the above are correctarrow_forwardOn what part of the neuron are NT receptors typically located? If the activated NT receptors cause channels to open or change thus changing the diffusion of ions, what type of potential will this initially produce? A.Resting B.Graded C.Action D.Homeostaticarrow_forwardIf a post synaptic neuron is stimulated to threshold by spatial summation this implies that Select one: a. the post synaptic cell has many voltage gated ion channels b. the post synaptic cell has a lower than normal threshold OC. the post synaptic cell is slow to repolarize d. the post synaptic cell is synapsing with multiple presynaptic neuronsarrow_forward
- The axon hillock of a neuron reaches the threshold of excitation and the membrane potential becomes completely reversed. Then, suddenly, the membrane potential begins to return to resting membrane potential. What is the event that triggers this return to resting potential? A. Na+ channels close in a voltage-dependent manner B. Na+ channels close in a time-dependent manner C. Na+ channels close in a chemically-dependent manner D. Na+ channels open in a voltage-dependent mannerarrow_forwardIndicate the specific events that are occurring at 1,2,3 and 4. B. At which area of the graph are sodium ions rapidly entering the neuron. C. At which area of the graph are potassium ions rapidly leaving the neuron? D. At which area of the graph is the sodium ion concentration higher outside than inside the neuron? Explain how a membrane that is said to be "resting" can continually use energy to transport ions. Your answer Action Potential Membrane potential (mV) +20+ 0- 20- -40- 60- -80 0 M 1 2 Time (milliseconds) 31arrow_forwardPost synaptic neurons membrane potentials are less negative than resting membrane potentials when this occur A. Creates a new set point for the resting membrane potential B. Has a lower propensity to produce an action potential C. Reacts by generating action potential D. Higher chance of reaching the potential thresholdarrow_forward
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