Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 8TYU
According to the RNA world model, a ribozyme would replicate by creating a double-stranded RNA intermediate. Would you expect the intermediate to have the same catalytic activity as the original ribozyme? Justify your answer with an explanation.
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In the:
Exposure to a substance that mutates the Shine-Dalgarno sequence.
Explain: (a) What is the process affected?
(b) What is the Effect on the process?
(c) Does it affect prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both?
Human ribonucleotide reductase has two allosteric sites, the S site and the A site. What is the function of each? How does this compare with the E. Coli enzyme discussed in the text?
What property of RNA makes it capable of carrying out the functions of a ribozyme? What may be causing there to be such a scarcity of naturally occurring DNA enzymes?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 4 - What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?...Ch. 4 - 2. What determines the primary structure of a DNA...Ch. 4 - 3. Which of the following describes the synthesis...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 4 - What would be the sequence of the strand of DNA...Ch. 4 - 8. According to the RNA world model, a ribozyme...Ch. 4 - Make a concept map (see BioSkills 12 ) that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10TYPSS
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- How many RNA POLERASE(s) are found in prokaryotes, name and discuss their functions? proper explanation and diagramarrow_forwardWhich of the following would be a good chemotherapy approach: blocking formationof the ribonucleotide GTP or blocking formation of the deoxyribonucleotide dGTP?Why? Please explain the chemical differences between each of the two nucleotides. Use the specific processes below to support your choice by explaining how either GTP or dGTPare related to these and how loss of the particular molecule would affect each process. *PEP carboxykinase in gluconeogenesis*Succinyl-CoA synthetase in the TCA Cycle*Glucagon signal transductionarrow_forwardYou are a physician who has diagnosed a patient with a genetic condition that results in telomerase with lower than normal enzymatic activity. How might you have diagnosed this disease? What symptoms should be a clue? Explain.arrow_forward
- In the Inhibition of telomerase activity. Explain: (a) What is the process affected? (b) What is the Effect on the process? (c) Does it affect prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both?arrow_forwardIn the: A mutated TBP protein Explain: (a) What is the process affected? (b) What is the Effect on the process? (c) Does it affect prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both?arrow_forwardWhat is the unique feature of ribozyme function? Give two examples.arrow_forward
- The structure of adenylate cyclase is similar to the structures of some types of DNA polymerases, suggesting that these enzymes derived from a common ancestor. Compare the reactions catalyzed by these two enzymes. In what ways are they similar?arrow_forwardThe peptidyltransferase reaction begins with the hydrolysis or breaking of the bond between the carboxyl group of the last amino acid added to the growing polypeptide and the 3' end of the tRNA in the P site. How does the ribosome get the necessary activation energy to catalyze that hydrolysis reaction?arrow_forwardA paper in the Journal of Bacteriology reported that a mutT mutant strain of E. coli displayed a mutator phenotype when the bacteria were cultured anaerobically. Is this a surprising result? Briefly explain your answer. Present one or two possible explanations for this observation.arrow_forward
- For each term, indicate 1) what kind of molecule the term refers to (DNA, RNA, protein) and 2) what process it most directly functions in. NOTE: also know whether or not it functions in prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both!! (it was just too unwieldy to add all those option to this question) catalytic component of the spliecesome operator sigma stop codonarrow_forwardE. coli ribonuclease H1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in RNA. Its proposed mechanism involves a 'carboxylate relay,' as shown below. His124 Asp70 || -HN-CH-C -HN-CH-C- CH2 CH2 c=0 RNA substrate HN H. H. (1) Fill the blanks. In the reaction scheme above, His124 acts as a ( ). The purpose of this relay system is to deprotonate the water molecule (II) so that it becomes a better ( :0arrow_forwardClary Leonhart used the pET vector system to express her prokaryotic amylase enzyme. She added peptone into her culture broth of BL21 (DE3) Escherichia coli strain. At the end of the experiment, she discovered that her protein was not expressed. She repeated three more times but her protein of interest was still not produced. (i) (ii) Explain the reason why Clary failed to obtain her protein of interest and suggest a solution to troubleshoot this problem. Clary plans to express her protein along with a polyhistidine-tag, or better known by its trademarked name IIis-tag. Explain the importance of His-tag in protein work.arrow_forward
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