Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 13PIAT
Rosalind Franklin was the first person to obtain X-raycrystallographic data on the form of DNA that is most commonly found in cells. Other researchers, including Pauling, used data from DNA samples that were more concentrated than Franklin's samples. Why would you expect the amount of water to affect the helical structure of DNA?
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 4 - What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?...Ch. 4 - 2. What determines the primary structure of a DNA...Ch. 4 - 3. Which of the following describes the synthesis...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 4 - What would be the sequence of the strand of DNA...Ch. 4 - 8. According to the RNA world model, a ribozyme...Ch. 4 - Make a concept map (see BioSkills 12 ) that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10TYPSS
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- DNA contains many hydrogen bonds. Are hydrogen bonds stronger or weaker than covalent bonds? What are the consequences of this difference in strength?arrow_forwardHow many kilobases of the DNA strand below will code for the protein product?arrow_forwardYou have a sample of genetic material. The nitrogenous base content is 29% guanine. a) If the sample is DNA, what are the amounts of the other bases? Explain your thought process b) Why can you not determine the amounts of the other bases if the sample is RNA? Explain your answer c) How did Watson and Crick make use the relationships between base pairs as they constructed the model for DNA?arrow_forward
- A double-stranded DNA molecule is 1 cm long, and the percentage of adenine is 15%. How many cytosines does this DNA molecule contain?arrow_forwardDNA solution is viscous because of the nature of chemical substance that can intercalate into the DNA helix. An example of such substance is acridine orange. experiments revealed that acridine orange causes an increase in the viscosity of DNA solution.how would you account for this effect?arrow_forwardThe Bacteria Escherichia coli DNA genome has a molecular mass of about 3.1 X 10 9 D. In your answers, show how you came up to each result?(a) How many base pairs does this bacterium contain? (b) How many full double-helical turns does this DNA contain? (c) How long is this DNA in micrometer?arrow_forward
- How Can Fragments of DNA Be Separated From One Another? Agarose gel electrophoresis is a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes. DNA is an acid and has many negative electrical charges due to the negatively charged phosphate-deoxyribose backbone. Scientists have used this fact to modify chromatography to separate pieces of DNA. A solution containing a mixture of DNA fragments of variable sizes is placed into a small well formed in an agarose gel (that has a texture similar to gelatin). An electric current causes the negatively-charged DNA molecules to move towards the positive electrode. Imagine the gel as a strainer with tiny pores that allow small particles to move through it very quickly. The larger the size of the particles, however, the slower they are strained through the gel. After a period of exposure to the electrical current, the DNA fragments will sort themselves out by size. Fragments that are the same size will tend to move together through the gel…arrow_forwardWhat is the concentration of a DNA solution that absorbs 0.812 and 0.463 at 260 and 280 nm, respectively? Is the DNA solution considered to be good quality? Why or why not?arrow_forwardDNA molecules are anti-parallel strands running 5’ to 3’ or 3’ to 5’. What do 5’ and 3’ correspond to? Be specificarrow_forward
- You are supplied with the following information about a DNA molecule: The molecular weight of a typical nucleotide is 660 Da. The linear density of double stranded DNA is 4 x 106 Da per micrometer. There are 10 base pairs in one complete turn of the double helix. Answer the following questions about a DNA molecule with a length of 3.3 micrometer and a base composition which contains 20% of the base adenine (A). (a) How many phosphor atoms are present in this DNA molecule?(b) How many full turns of the DNA helix are there in this molecule?(c) What is the percentage of guanine bases in the DNA molecule?(d) How many hydrogen bonds are there in the molecule?(e) How many phosphodiester bonds are there in the molecule?( f ) What is the length in basepairs of a DNA molecule that contains 606 full turns of the double helix?arrow_forwardA new graduate student in a research lab was asked to work on two samples of biomolecules that was prepared by an intern who worked in the laboratory over the previous term. One was a sample containing DNA and one was a sample containing protein. However, the labels on the vials containing the samples got smudged and it was unclear which vial contained DNA and which vial contained protein. Based on the notes of the intern, one of the vials is sure to contain DNA and one is sure to contain protein, thus, identifying the content of one vial will also identify the content of the other. If the new graduate student had the means to test for the elemental composition of the sample, which of the elements below is the best to test for in order to unambiguously identify the samples? O Nitrogen O Potassium O Phosphorus O Oxygenarrow_forwardOne gram of cultured human cells contains about 109 cells and occupies roughly 1 mL. If the average molecular mass of a base pair is 660 daltons and each cell contains 6.4 x 109 bp, what mass of DNA is present in this one-gram sample? If all the DNA molecules in the sample were laid end to end to form a single thread, would it be long enough to reach from the Earth to the Moon (385,000 kilometers)?arrow_forward
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