Chapter 4, Problem 4.47HW

A.

Program Plan Intro

Given C code:

void bubble_a(long *data, long count)

{

long i, last;

for(last = count – 1; last >0; last--)

{

for(i=0;i<last;i++)

if(data[i+1]<data[i])

{

long t = data[i+1];

data[i+1] = data[i];

data[i] = t;

}

}

}

Data movement instructions:

• The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.
• The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.
• The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.
• The class has 4 instructions that includes:
  • movb:
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.
  • movw: 
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.
  • movl:
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.
  • movq:
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

Unary and Binary Operations:

• The details of unary operations includes:
  • The single operand functions as both source as well as destination.
  • It can either be a memory location or a register.
  • The instruction “incq” causes 8 byte element on stack top to be incremented.
  • The instruction “decq” causes 8 byte element on stack top to be decremented.
• The details of binary operations includes:
  • The first operand denotes the source.
  • The second operand works as both source as well as destination.
  • The first operand can either be an immediate value, memory location or register.
  • The second operand can either be a register or a memory location.

Jump Instruction:

• The “jump” instruction causes execution to switch to an entirely new position in program.
• The “label” indicates jump destinations in assembly code.
• The “je” instruction denotes “jump if equal” or “jump if zero”.
  • The comparison operation is performed.
  • If result of comparison is either equal or zero, then jump operation takes place.
• The “ja” instruction denotes “jump if above”.
  • The comparison operation is performed.
  • If result of comparison is greater, then jump operation takes place.
• The “pop” instruction resumes execution of jump instruction.
• The “jmpq” instruction jumps to given address. It denotes a direct jump.

B.

Program Plan Intro

Given C code:

void bubble_p(long* data, long count)

{

long *i, *last;

for (last = data+count-1; last > data; last--)

{

for (i = data; i < last; i++)

{

if (*(i+1) < *i)

{

long t = *(i+1);

*(i+1) = *i;

*i = t;

}

}

}

}

Data movement instructions:

• The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.
• The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.
• The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.
• The class has 4 instructions that includes:
  • movb:
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.
  • movw: 
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.
  • movl:
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.
  • movq:
    • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
    • It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

Unary and Binary Operations:

• The details of unary operations includes:
  • The single operand functions as both source as well as destination.
  • It can either be a memory location or a register.
  • The instruction “incq” causes 8 byte element on stack top to be incremented.
  • The instruction “decq” causes 8 byte element on stack top to be decremented.
• The details of binary operations includes:
  • The first operand denotes the source.
  • The second operand works as both source as well as destination.
  • The first operand can either be an immediate value, memory location or register.
  • The second operand can either be a register or a memory location.

Jump Instruction:

• The “jump” instruction causes execution to switch to an entirely new position in program.
• The “label” indicates jump destinations in assembly code.
• The “je” instruction denotes “jump if equal” or “jump if zero”.
  • The comparison operation is performed.
  • If result of comparison is either equal or zero, then jump operation takes place.
• The “ja” instruction denotes “jump if above”.
  • The comparison operation is performed.
  • If result of comparison is greater, then jump operation takes place.
• The “pop” instruction resumes execution of jump instruction.
• The “jmpq” instruction jumps to given address. It denotes a direct jump.