Biology
Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 38, Problem 2MC
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The target cells are specialized cells with receptors which are able to bind to particular chemical messenger or hormones. The binding of chemical messenger to the receptors on target cells induces a specific response.

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The response of a target cell to a hormone depends ona. the receptor in the target cell that binds thehormone.b. which second messengers are activated in the cell.c. the type of cell.d. all of these factors.
A hormone differs from a neurotransmitter in thata. hormones act extracellularly, whereas neurotransmitters act withinthe cell that synthesized them.b. hormones are released only by neurons, whereas neurotransmittersare released by many different types of cells.c. hormones cause only fast responses (seconds or less) to stimuli,whereas neurotransmitters cause slow responses (minutes to hours)to stimuli.d. hormones affect only epithelial cells, whereas neurotransmittersaffect only muscle cells.e. hormones are released into the bloodstream and can activate manycells in many parts of the body, whereas neurotransmitters arereleased by neurons and affect adjacent cells.
When a hormone binds to a nuclear receptora. DNA produces mRNA.b. G proteins are activated.c. the hormone-receptor complex causes ion channels to open or close.d. the cell’s response is faster than when a hormone binds to a membranebound receptor.e. the hormone is usually a large, water-soluble molecule
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