Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whetherthe given pairs of
Concept introduction:
The constitutional isomers or structural isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but the arrangement of atoms differs from each other.
For example: - Butane and isobutene are constitutional isomers.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the given pairs of alkanes are constitutional isomers or not needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The constitutional isomers or structural isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but the arrangement of atoms differs from each other.
For example: - Butane and isobutene are constitutional isomers or structural isomers.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the given pairs of alkanes are constitutional isomers or not needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The constitutional isomers or structural isomers are those compounds which have same molecular formula, but the arrangement of atoms differs from each other.
For example: - Butane and isobutene are constitutional isomers or structural isomers.
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CHEMISTRY-TEXT
- Why are different conformations of an alkane not considered structural isomers?arrow_forwardExplain why two different straight-chain alkanes could not be constitutional isomers.arrow_forwardHow does the structure of a cycloalkane differ from that of a straight-chain or branched-chain alkane?arrow_forward
- Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the following false statements regarding nomenclature of hydrocarbons. a. The root name for a hydrocarbon is based on the shortest continuous chain of carbon atoms. b. The suffix used to name all hydrocarbons is -ane. c. Substituent groups are numbered so as to give the largest numbers possible. d. No number is required to indicate the positions of double or triple bonds in alkenes and alkynes. e. Substituent groups get the lowest number possible in alkenes and alkynes. f. The ortho- term in aromatic hydrocarbons indicates the presence of two substituent groups bonded to carbon- 1 and carbon-3 in benzene.arrow_forwardDistinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference in bonding and in general molecular formula between an alkene and a cycloalkane with the same number of carbon atoms?arrow_forward
- Which of the following cycloalkanes could show geometric isomerism? For each that could, draw structural formulas, and name both the cis- and the trans- isomers. a. c. b. d.arrow_forwardClassify each of the following hydrocarbons as alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes. (a) C12H24 (b) C7H12 (c) C13H28arrow_forward
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