Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The optical activity for the given compounds is to be deduced and open-chain structure for the aldaric acid is to be written. Fischer projection formulas for D-threose and its nitric acid oxidation product is to be written and name of aldaric acids produced from D-erythrose and D-threose is to be deduced.
The structural formulas of the given compounds are to be represented and the true or false nature of the statements based on the optical activity for the given compounds, is to be deduced.
Concept introduction:
舧 A carbohydrate is a
舧
舧 Carbohydrates are oxidized by
舧 Aldaric acids are carbohydrates having two
舧
The molecules that are nonsuperimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
舧 A pair of two mirror images that are nonidentical is known as enantiomers, which are optically active.
舧 The stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.
舧 The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive.
舧 Compounds that have a plane of symmetry tend to exist in meso forms. A meso form arises when the two stereoisomers produce superimposable images, and hence, compounds having meso forms are optically inactive.
舧 When the order of progression from the group of highest priority to that of the next highest priority is clockwise, it is said to be the
舧 When the order of progression from the group of highest priority to that of the next highest priority is anticlockwise, then it is said to be the
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Organic Chemistry
- What is the product of the starting material D-glyceraldehyde which will (1) produce aldaric acid upon reacting with HNO3 + H2O, NaOCH2, NH2OH, and (CH3CO)2O + NaOCOCH3 (2) produce tartaric acid upon reacting with HNO3 + H2O, NaOCH3, NH2OH, and (CH3CO)2O + NaOCOCH3arrow_forward(i) Acetylation of glucose with acetic anhydride gives glucose pentacetate. Write the structure of the pentacetate. (ii) Explain – Why glucose pentacetate does not react with hydroxylamine?arrow_forward(a) Differentiate between copolymerization and homopolymerization. Give one example of each.(b) What is the role of Benzoyl peroxide in preparation of Polythene?arrow_forward
- Which Compound Is Oxidized To Benzoic Acid With K2Cr2O7 In Acidic Medium?arrow_forwardDraw the structures of the following molecules: (a) m-isobutylaniline (b) (S)-2-sec-butyl-2-cyclohexene-1-ol (c) (Z)-3,4-difluoro-3-hexenearrow_forwardPredict the products formed when limonene reacts with the followingreagents.(a) excess HBr (b) excess HBr, peroxides (c) excess Br2 in CCl4(d) ozone, followed by dimethyl sulfidearrow_forward
- Draw the structure of the phenylthiohydantoin derivatives of(a) alanine. (b) tryptophan. (c) lysine. (d) proline.arrow_forward(1) what reagent is used to convert p-amino phenol to quinone (2) Draw two different kekule's structures for pyrene and under line the more stablearrow_forward(a) Isoleucine has been prepared by the following sequence of reactions. Give the structure of compounds A through D isolated as intermediates in this synthesis.(b) An analogous procedure has been used to prepare phenylalanine. What alkyl halide would you choose as the starting material for this synthesis?arrow_forward
- Which of the following are reducing sugars? Comment on the common name sucrosefor table sugar.(a) methyl a-d-galactopyranoside (b) b-l-idopyranose (an aldohexose)(c) a-d-allopyranose (d) ethyl b-d-ribofuranosidearrow_forwardh) Specify the absolute (R/S) configuration of the amino group in structure IV. (i) If the substituents in structures I, IV and V were identical (all OH or all NH2), which structure would result in a meso compound? (j) If each hydroxy group for structures I, II and VI were replaced with another amino group, which compound would be made optically inactive?arrow_forwardWhat is the product (from the image below) of the starting material D-glyceraldehyde which will (1) produce aldaric acid upon reacting with HNO3 + H2O, NaOCH2, NH2OH, and (CH3CO)2O + NaOCOCH3 (2) produce tartaric acid upon reacting with HNO3 + H2O, NaOCH3, NH2OH, and (CH3CO)2O + NaOCOCH3arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning