Concept explainers
a.
To determine: The name of the acid-base condition of the person who had an asthma attack induced by pollen.
Introduction: A 45-year-old man suffered from an asthma attack due to pollen. After examination, the bicarbonate (HCO3-) level in the blood of patient was 30 m Eq/L, Pco2 is 70 mm Hg and pH is 7.24.
To determine: Whether the given condition is acute or chronic.
Introduction: Respiratory acidosis is a condition in which the lungs are unable to eliminate the carbon dioxide from the body. The man’s recent blood test showed that his
b.
To determine: The name of the acid-base condition of patients after 10 years and whether the situation is acute or chronic.
Introduction: The 45-year-old patient has recovered from asthma. The person continued to smoke on a regular basis for 10 years. The person was diagnosed with COPD. The level of HCO3- in the blood was 45 m Eq/L, Pco2 is 85 mm Hg and pH is 7.34.
To determine: Whether the given situation is acute or chronic.
Introduction: The chronic respiratory acidosis is a medical condition, in which the body adapts to the increased acidity. The most recent blood test of the patient showed the
c.
To determine: The reason for the decrease in HCO3- and increases in Pco2 during the second illness in the patient.
Introduction: An individual is suffering from respiratory acidosis. The symptoms of respiratory acidosis can be controlled by immediate treatment. However, this condition can turn into chronic pulmonary disease, if the individual continues to smoke.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
- Which acid–base imbalance would the nurse suspect afterassessing the following arterial blood gas values: pH, 7.30;PaCO2, 36 mm Hg; HCO3−, 14 mEq/L? a. Respiratory acidosisb. Respiratory alkalosisc. Metabolic acidosisd. Metabolic alkalosisarrow_forwardMrs. Breathless is a 45-year-old female nurse with a history of asthma. She reports to the ED in the early morning with shortness of breath, blurred vision, headache, and restlessness. After several laboratory tests, the following ABG (arterial blood gases) lab results are confirmed: Blood pH=7.30 PaCO2 = 46 mm Hg HCO3 = 24 mEq/L. Based on the results of her ABG, which acid-base imbalance is Mrs. Breathless likely experiencing? Justify your answer by referencing the ROME mnemonic. What is the underlying pathophysiology of this disorder? What type of compensation is likely to take place? Why do you think Mrs. Breathless developed this imbalance? What are some of the contributing factors leading to this?arrow_forward1). 500 mL of sodium chloride 0.9% over 6 hours at SDF(standard drop factor) 15 drops/minarrow_forward
- The physician ordered an infusion of NSS 500 millimeters in 3 hours using a 15 drops/mL set. With 1 ½ hours remaining, you discover that only 150 millimeter is left in the bag. At what rate in drops per minute will the infusion be reset?arrow_forwardAdult male suffered myocardial infarction and is currently in cardiogenic shock. Blood pH = 7.25, [HCO3-] = 14 mmol/L, PaCO2 = 38 mmHg. What kind of acid-base imbalance is the patient suffering from? Briefly describe fully how this occurred.arrow_forwardPatient A is 65 years old female. She has been diagnosed with diabetes Type II. Recently she experienced a gastrointestinal illness with nausea and vomiting. Lab data have been obtained the following day after her illness: Body weight 85 kg; Blood pressure 140/90 mmHg; Blood pH – 7.48; PCO2 – 44 mm Hg; Plasma HCO3 ion -32 mEq/L; Urine pH – 7.5. What is acid-base disorder of this patient. What was a main cause of this? The illness continues and after 2 days the following laboratory data have been obtained: Body weight 83 kg; Blood pressure 120/70 mmHg; Blood pH – 7.50; PCO2 – 48 mm Hg; Plasma HCO3 ion -36 mEq/L; Urine pH – 6.0. Has acid-base disbalance been changed? If yes, what is the explanation for this acid-base disbalance? Is there any compensation?arrow_forward
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