Interpretation:
Aniline is to be converted into the given desired product mentioned in each part.
Concept introduction:
Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
Aniline is a primary
Aniline and substituted aniline reacts with nitrous acid at low temperature to form benzene diazonium salts.
The reduction of nitro group results in the formation of primary amine.
When aniline reacts with acetic anhydride, the product formed after the reaction is acetanilide.
When aniline reacts with Phthalimide
On nitration of acetanilide in the presence
When acetanilide reacts with chloro sulfuric acid, it forms p-acetamido benzene sulfonyl chloride.
Further, when p-acetamido benzene sulfonyl chloride reacts with ammonia, it gives rise to p-acetamido benzene sulfonamide, which on alkaline hydrolysis gives sulfanilamide.
When an aniline reacts with two moles of methyl iodide in the presence of a base, it forms N, N-dimethylaniline.
When an aniline reacts with nitrous acid at
When benzenediazonium halide reacts with copper(I) chloride, it forms chlorobenzene.
When benzenediazonium halide reacts with copper (I) bromide, it forms bromobenzene.
When benzenediazonium halide reacts with potassium iodide, it forms iodobenzene.
When benzenediazonium halide reacts with copper (I) cyanide, it forms benzonitrile.
Alkaline hydrolysis of benzonitrile results in the formation of benzoic acid.
When benzenediazonium halide reacts with copper oxide, it forms phenol.
When benzenediazonium halide reacts with Hypo phosphorous acid in the presence of moisture, it forms benzene.
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Organic Chemistry
- 2 Draw structures to correspond with the following common and systematic names:(a) phenyl formate (b) cyclohexyl benzoate (c) cyclopentyl phenylacetate(d) N-butylacetamide (e) N,N-dimethylformamide (f) benzoic propionic anhydride(g) benzamide (h) g-hydroxyvaleronitrile (i) a-bromobutyryl chloride(j) b@butyrolactone (k) phenyl isocyanate (l) cyclobutyl ethyl carbonate(m) d@caprolactam (n) trichloroacetic anhydride (o) ethyl N-methyl carbamatearrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the product formed by treating butanal with each reagent. (a) LiA1H4LiA1H4 followed by H2OH2O (b) NaBH4NaBH4 in CH3OH/H2O (c) H2/Pt (d) Ag(NH3)2+in NH3/H2O (e) H2CrO4, heat (f) HOCH2CH2OH,HClarrow_forwardWhich is the stronger acid in each of the following pairs? Explain your reasoning. (a) Phenol or p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (b) m-Cyanophenol or p-cyanophenol (c) o-Fluorophenol or p-fluorophenolarrow_forward
- Show how you would convert aniline to the following compounds.(a) fluorobenzenearrow_forwardShow how Gabriel syntheses are used to prepare the following amines.(a) benzylaminearrow_forward(a) Explain why phentermine [PhCH2C(CH3)2NH2] can’t be made by a reductive amination reaction.(b) Give a systematic name for phentermine, one of the components of the banned diet drug fen–phen.arrow_forward
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- Several additional amine syntheses are effectively limited to making primary amines. The reduction of azides and nitrocompounds and the Gabriel synthesis leave the carbon chain unchanged. Formation and reduction of a nitrile adds onecarbon atom. Show how these amine syntheses can be used for the following conversions.(a) allyl bromide S allylamine (b) ethylbenzene S p@ethylanilinearrow_forward(c) The sedative, R-thalidomide, was once used to address symptoms of morning sickness in expectant mothers, however, when it was discovered that S- thalidomide causes deformities in infants, the use of R-thalidomide as a sedative was discontinued. With the help of a reaction mechanism, explain why enantiopure R-thalidomide can not be safely used as a sedative without affecting infantsarrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning