Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 11P
In selective breeding experiments, it is frequently observed that the strains respond to artificial selection for many generations, with the selected
a. What is the genetic explanation for the plateau phenomenon?
b. Once a plateau has been reached, is the heritability of the trait very high or is it very low? Explain.
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How does penetrance differ from expressivity in genetics?
A. Penetrance is the percentage of individuals with a specific genotype that exhibit the expected phenotype while expressivity is the degree to which a phenotypic character is expressed.
B. Penetrance is the degree of lethality of a specific genotype while expressivity is how frequently that genotype is seen in the population.
C. Penetrance is the presence of more than two alleles at a locus within a group of individuals while expressivity is the influence of sex on which alleles express themselves.
D. None of the above.
E. Penetrance refers to the paternal effects of a gene while expressivity refers to the maternal effects of a gene.
For each of the following characteristics, indicate whether it would be considered a discontinuous characteristic or a quantitative characteristic. Briefly justify your answer. a. Kernel color in a strain of wheat, in which two codominant alleles segregating at a single locus determine the color. Thus, there are three phenotypes present in this strain: white, light red, and medium red. b. Body weight in a family of Labrador retrievers. An autosomal recessive allele that causes dwarfism is present in this family. Two phenotypes are recognized: dwarf (less than 13 kg) and normal (greater than 23 kg). c. Presence or absence of leprosy. Susceptibility to leprosy is determined by multiple genes and numerous environmental factors. d. Number of toes in guinea pigs, which is influenced by genes at many loci. e. Number of fingers in humans. Extra (more than five) fingers are caused by the presence of an autosomal dominant allele.
.A)
To determine if a human trait is heritable, we would best study
Group of answer choices. I think it's A. Please explain your answer I'm trying to understand the material
a. monozygotic twins that were raised separately, in different environments.
b. monozygotic twins that have been raised under similar conditions.
c.only distantly related individuals.
d. all males or all females.
B).
To say that a trait exhibits “high heritability” is to say that
a. a given set of genes has no influence on a trait.
b. there is no difference in genotype between members of the population at the loci in question.
c. in a given environment and population, genetic differences have a high degree of influence on the trait compared to environmental influences.
d. there is no difference in character between two individuals with the same genotype in question.
C).
If two populations with identical genetic makeup are raised in different environments, the narrow-sense heritability of a trait of…
Chapter 19 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 19 - Which of the following traits would you expect to...Ch. 19 - 19.2 For the traits listed in the previous...Ch. 19 - Compare and contrast broad sense heritability and...Ch. 19 - 19.4 In a cross of two pure-breeding lines of...Ch. 19 - 19.5 Describe the difference between continuous...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6PCh. 19 - 19.7 Provide a definition and an example for each...Ch. 19 - 19.8 What is a random sample, and why can a random...Ch. 19 - 19.9 Why is heritability an important phenomenon...Ch. 19 - 19.10 Three pairs of genes with two alleles each (...
Ch. 19 - 19.11 In selective breeding experiments, it is...Ch. 19 - 19.12 Two inbred lines of sunflowers produce...Ch. 19 - What is quantitative trait locus (QTL)? Suppose...Ch. 19 - 19.14 In Nicotiana, two inbred strains produce...Ch. 19 - 19.15 Suppose the length of maize ears has narrow...Ch. 19 - In a line of cherry tomatoes, the average fruit...Ch. 19 - 19.17 Two purebreeding wheat strains, one...Ch. 19 - Prob. 18PCh. 19 - During a visit with your grandparents, they...Ch. 19 - 19.20 An association of racehorse owners is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 21PCh. 19 - Suppose a polygenic system for producing color in...Ch. 19 - New Zealand lamb breeders measure the following...Ch. 19 - Cattle breeders would like to improve the protein...Ch. 19 - In human gestational development, abnormalities of...Ch. 19 - The children of couples in which one partner has...Ch. 19 - Answer the following in regard to multifactorial...Ch. 19 - 19.28 Suppose the mature height of a plant is a...Ch. 19 - A three-gene system of additive genes (A, B, and...Ch. 19 - 19.30 Congenital dislocation of the hip is a...Ch. 19 - A total of 20 men and 20 women volunteer to...
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- A particular breed of dog can have long hair or short hair. A second trait involves the texture of the hair. The twovariants are wiry or straight hair. A cross between a pure-breeding long, straight haired dog and a pure-breedingshort, wiry haired dog produced F1 dogs with long, wiry hair.a. Assign symbols to the alleles of both loci using convention. Indicate the dominance relationship at each locus.b. Determine the genotypes of the parental dogs involved in the crosses below by analysing the phenotypes oftheir offspring Parents Offspring Long, wiry x long, wiry ¾ long, wiry : ¼ short, wiry Short, wiry x long, wiry 3/8 short, wiry : 1/8 short, straight : 3/8 long, wiry : 1/8 long, straightarrow_forwardCystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive autosomal disorder. In certainpopulations of Northern European descent, the number of peopleborn with this disorder is about 1 in 2500. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this trait:A. What are the frequencies for the common (non-disease-causing)allele and the mutant (disease-causing) allele.B. What are the genotype frequencies of homozygous unaffected,heterozygous, and homozygous affected individuals?C. Assuming random mating, what is the probability that twophenotypically unaffected heterozygous carriers will chooseeach other as mates?arrow_forwardGenes are units of information that influence the expression of heritable traits. a. Alleles, which are slightly different molecular forms of a gene, may affect traits in different ways. As a geneticist, you accidentally found a new gene in a rabbit. The first allele specifies white fur while the second allele specifies black fur. You have to determine the relationship between the two alleles either it is one of simple dominance or incomplete dominance. Identify and draw the genetic crosses that can be done to give you the answer. Discuss what types of observations would you base your conclusions on and which allele is dominant, recessive or incomplete dominance.arrow_forward
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