Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 13.1, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The circumstantial evidence in Griffith’s experiment of 1928 that indicated DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to be the genetic material.
Introduction:
Griffith conducted experiments on mice utilizing the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae in an attempt to discover a method to find a vaccine against this pneumonia-causing bacteria. He used two strains, rough strain (RII) and smooth strain (SIII). The R strain was the avirulent strain, while the S strain was the virulent strain and caused pneumonia.
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How did Griffith’s work provide a foundation for the experiments of Avery and his colleagues pointing to DNA as the essential genetic material?
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Given the state of knowledge at the time of the Avery, MacLeod,and McCarty experiment, why was it difficult for some scientiststo accept that DNA is the carrier of genetic information?
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- After Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase definitively identified DNA as the “Transformative material”, which three scientists were responsible for characterizing the structure of DNA? How did they do it?arrow_forwardWhy was the discovery of DNA structure so important?arrow_forwardwhat are the CONTRIBUTIONS OF OSWALD AVERY AND FEDERICK GRIFFITH TO THE DISCOVERY OF DNA? what are their other accomplishments?arrow_forward
- Why wasn’t James Watson punished by the scientific community once more was learned about how he obtained the critical data needed to come up with the structure of DNA?arrow_forwardWas Pauling’s hypothesized model of DNA In January 1953 “correct”?arrow_forward. What information about the structure of DNA wasobtained from X-ray crystallographic data?arrow_forward
- How did Griffiths and Avery discover that DNA was the molecule of heredity? Would we have been able to discover the structure of DNA without this work? Why or why not? Would we have been able to understand or actually try to understand DNA replication without his work? Why or why not?arrow_forwardHow did Crick and Watson discovered DNA?arrow_forwardSeveral experiments aided the discovery of DNA being the inheritable material. Which of the following experiments clearly demonstrated DNA, not protein, was the inheritable material?arrow_forward
- explain how Griffeth's experiment demonstrated that DNA is the hereditary material.arrow_forwardDiscuss the experiments Griffith, Avery and Hershey/Chase did in the early 1920-50s that helped determine DNA was the genetic stuff. What was the “take home” from each?arrow_forwardIf you worked backward, starting with the amino acid sequence of the protein, would you obtain the same DNA nucleotide sequence? Why or why not?arrow_forward
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