Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 31ESP
M. Klemke et al. (2001) discovered an interesting coding phenomenon in which an exon within a neurologic hormone receptor gene in mammals appears to produce two different protein entities (X Lαs and ALEX). Following is the DNA sequence of the exon’s 5′ end derived from a rat.
5′ -gtcccaaccatgcccaccgatcttccgcctgcttctgaagATGCGGGCCCAG
The lowercase letters represent the initial coding portion for the XLαs protein, and the uppercase letters indicate the portion where the ALEX entity is initiated. (For simplicity, and to correspond with the RNA coding dictionary, it is customary to represent the coding (non-template) strand of the DNA segment.)
- (a) Convert the coding DNA sequence to the coding RNA sequence.
- (b) Locate the initiator codon within the XLαs segment.
- (c) Locate the initiator codon within the ALEX segment. Are the two initiator codons in frame?
- (d) Provide the amino acid sequence for each coding sequence. In the region of overlap, are the two amino acid sequences the same?
- (e) Are there any evolutionary advantages to having the same DNA sequence code for two protein products? Are there any disadvantages?
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Refer to the DNA sequence provided:
3’ -TACTGAAGCGGCAGCCCCGCATGAGTAGACCTTACT-5’
a. What is the mRNA transcript of the anticoding strand of the DNA model?
b. What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain that will be translated from the mRNA in (a)?
A 210-bp sequence within the CFTR gene on human chromosome 7 is shown below. The three bold underlined nucleotides are deleted in a common cystic fibrosis (CF) mutation, removing a phenylalanine amino acid from the CFTR protein.
1 AGAGGGTAAA ATTAAGCACA GTGGAAGAAT TTCATTCTGT TCTCAGTTTT
51 CCTGGATTAT GCCTGGCACC ATTAAAGAAA ATATCATCTT TGGTGTTTCC
101 TATGATGAAT ATAGATACAG AAGCGTCATC AAAGCATGCC AACTAGAAGA
151 GGTAAGAAAC TATGTGAAAA CTTTTTGATT ATGCATATGA ACCCTTCACA
201 CTACCCAAAT
PCR primers have been designed to amplify fragments within this sequence:
Forward: GGATTATGCCTGGCACCATT
Reverse: AGTGTGAAGGGTTCATATGC
DNA from a CF patient is tested with a PCR assay using a pair of these primers, and the PCR product is found to be 3 bp shorter than that expected from the sequence shown above. What length PCR products (in bp) would you expect in the mother of the CF patient?
A.
95 and 92
B.
149
C.
133 and 130
D.
149 and 146
E.
146
Shown here is a theoretical viral mRNA sequence 5′-AUGCAUACCUAUGAGACCCUUGGA-3′ (a) Assuming that it could arise from overlapping genes, how many different polypeptide sequences can be produced? Using the chart in Figure 12–7, what are the sequences? (b) A base-substitution mutation that altered the sequence in part (a) eliminated the synthesis of all but one polypeptide. The altered sequence is shown below. Use Figure 12–7 to determine why it was altered. 5′-AUGCAUACCUAUGUGACCCUUGGA-3′
Chapter 13 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 13 - In a mixed heteropolymer experiment using...Ch. 13 - When repeating copolymers are used to form...Ch. 13 - The following represent deoxyribonucleotide...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CSCh. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on the...Ch. 13 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 13 - Assuming the genetic code is a triplet, what...Ch. 13 - The mRNA formed from the repeating tetranucleotide...
Ch. 13 - In studies using repeating copolymers, AC ......Ch. 13 - In a coding experiment using repeating copolymers...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 13 - When the amino acid sequences of insulin isolated...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 13 - Why doesnt polynucleotide phosphorylase (Ochoas...Ch. 13 - Refer to Table 13.1. Can you hypothesize why a...Ch. 13 - Predict the amino acid sequence produced during...Ch. 13 - A short RNA molecule was isolated that...Ch. 13 - A glycine residue is in position 210 of the...Ch. 13 - Refer to Figure 13.7 to respond to the following:...Ch. 13 - Most proteins have more leucine than histidine...Ch. 13 - Define the process of transcription. Where does...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 13 - Describe the structure of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 13 - Messenger RNA molecules are very difficult to...Ch. 13 - Present an overview of various forms of...Ch. 13 - One form of posttranscriptional modification of...Ch. 13 - Describe the role of two forms of RNA editing that...Ch. 13 - Substitution RNA editing is known to involve...Ch. 13 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 27ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 28ESPCh. 13 - Shown here are the amino acid sequences of the...Ch. 13 - The genetic code is degenerate. Amino acids are...Ch. 13 - M. Klemke et al. (2001) discovered an interesting...Ch. 13 - Recent observations indicate that alternative...Ch. 13 - Isoginkgetin is a cell-permeable chemical isolated...
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