Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 12PDQ
Predict the amino acid sequence produced during translation by the following short hypothetical mRNA sequences (note that the second sequence was formed from the first by a deletion of only one
Sequence 1: 5′-AUGCCGGAUUAUAGUUGA-3′
Sequence 2: 5′-AUGCCGGAUUAAGUUGA-3′
What type of mutation gave rise to sequence 2?
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Predict the amino acid sequence produced during translation by the following short hypothetical mRNA sequences (note that the second sequence was formed from the first by a deletion of only one nucleotide): Sequence 1: 5'-AUGCCGGAUUAUAGUUGA-3'Sequence 2: 5'-AUGCCGGAUUAAGUUGA-3'What type of mutation gave rise to sequence 2?
Consider the following original coding sequence of a gene that codes for a short 5-
amino acid polypeptide:
5'-ATGGGCTCGAACTCATAA-3'
Using the genetic code and the amino acid table below, which of the following
sequences arises from a non-conservative missense mutation in the original
sequence shown above?
First base in codon
U
U
A
UUU
UUC-
UUA
UUG-
CUU
CUC
CUA
CUG-
U
Phe (F)
Leu (L)
Leu (L)
Second base in codon
Val (V)
UCU -
UCC
UCA
UCG
CCU
CCC
CCA
CCG
AUU
ACU-
AUC Ile (1)
ACC
AUA-
ACA
AUG Met (M) start ACG
GUU
GCU-
GUC
GCC
GUA
GCA
GUG
GCG-
C
Ser (S)
Pro (P)
Thr (T)
Ala (A)
UAU
UAC
UAAT
UAG
CAU
CAC
CAA
CAG
AAU
AAC
AAA
AAG
GAU
GAC
GAA
GAG
A
Tyr (Y)
STOP
His (H)
Gln (Q)
Asn (N)
Lys (K)
Asp (D)
Glu (E)
G
UGU
UGC
UGA STOP
UGG Trp (W)
Cys (C)
CGU
CGC
CGA
CGG
AGU
AGC
AGA 1
AGG
GGU-
GGC
GGA
GGG
Arg (R)
Ser (S)
Arg (R)
Gly (G)
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
Last base in codon
Translate the following mRNA nucleotide sequence into an amino acid sequence, starting at the first base:
5’ - UGUCAUGCUCGUCUUGAAUCUUGUGAUGCUCGUUGGAUUAAUUGU - 3’
Chapter 13 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 13 - In a mixed heteropolymer experiment using...Ch. 13 - When repeating copolymers are used to form...Ch. 13 - The following represent deoxyribonucleotide...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CSCh. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on the...Ch. 13 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 13 - Assuming the genetic code is a triplet, what...Ch. 13 - The mRNA formed from the repeating tetranucleotide...
Ch. 13 - In studies using repeating copolymers, AC ......Ch. 13 - In a coding experiment using repeating copolymers...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 13 - When the amino acid sequences of insulin isolated...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 13 - Why doesnt polynucleotide phosphorylase (Ochoas...Ch. 13 - Refer to Table 13.1. Can you hypothesize why a...Ch. 13 - Predict the amino acid sequence produced during...Ch. 13 - A short RNA molecule was isolated that...Ch. 13 - A glycine residue is in position 210 of the...Ch. 13 - Refer to Figure 13.7 to respond to the following:...Ch. 13 - Most proteins have more leucine than histidine...Ch. 13 - Define the process of transcription. Where does...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 13 - Describe the structure of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 13 - Messenger RNA molecules are very difficult to...Ch. 13 - Present an overview of various forms of...Ch. 13 - One form of posttranscriptional modification of...Ch. 13 - Describe the role of two forms of RNA editing that...Ch. 13 - Substitution RNA editing is known to involve...Ch. 13 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 27ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 28ESPCh. 13 - Shown here are the amino acid sequences of the...Ch. 13 - The genetic code is degenerate. Amino acids are...Ch. 13 - M. Klemke et al. (2001) discovered an interesting...Ch. 13 - Recent observations indicate that alternative...Ch. 13 - Isoginkgetin is a cell-permeable chemical isolated...
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- Shown below is an R loop prepared for electron microscopy by annealing a purified eukaryotic messenger RNA with DNA from a genomic clone containing the full-length gene corresponding to the mRNA. (a) How many exons does the gene contain? How many introns? (b) Where in this structure would you expect to find a 5′,5′-internucleotide bond? Where would you expect to find a polyadenylic acid sequence?arrow_forwardGiven the mRNA sequence below, 5'-UUCCCAAAGUAU-3'Answer the following below:1. What is the sequence of amino acids using the table of genetic code? (three-letter abbreviation)2. Given the situation that a mutation occurs by substitution of the 12th nucleotide with cytidine 5'-monophosphate, what is the resulting amino acid sequence?3. What type of mutation occured? Specific what type under frameshift and point mutationsarrow_forwardTranslate the following mRNA nucleotide sequence into an amino acid sequence, starting at the second base: 5’ - UGUCAUGCUCGUCUUGAAUCUUGUGAUGCUCGUUGGAUUAAUUGU - 3’arrow_forward
- Consider the following DNA sequence, which codes for a short polypeptide: 5'-ATGGGCTTAGCGTAGGTTAGT-3' Determine the mRNA transcript of this sequence. You have to write these sequences from the 5' end to the 3' end and indicate those ends as shown in the original sequence in order to get the full mark. How many amino acids will make up this polypeptide? Determine the first four anticodons that will be used in order to translate this sequence.arrow_forwardGiven the following Wild Type and Mutated DNA sequences: 1.) Identify where the base pair change occurs ( what letter changed?) 2.) For BOTH sequences, write the mRNA strands, define the codon regions and amino acid sequences. 3.) Describe what kind of mutation has occurred (missense, nonsense, or silent), and what effect this may have on the protein. Wild Type DNA Sequence: 3' - AGGCTCGCCTGT - 5' Mutated DNA Sequence: 3' - AGTCTCGCCTGT - 5'arrow_forwardConsider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a translational start): 5’- GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3’ By in vitro translating the mRNA, you determined that the translated peptide is 15 amino acids long. What is the expected peptide sequence in single letter abbreviations?arrow_forward
- Consider the following DNA template: 5’-AAGAGGTTCCAATGCAGGCACTCACCAACTCTTAAATAAA-3’ 3’-TTCTCCAAGGTTACGTCCGTGAGTGGTTGAGAATTTATTT-5’ If the bottom DNA strand is used as template to transcribe mRNA, predict the amino acid sequence that would result from the process of translation. Met-Ala-Leu-Thr-Gln-Glu-Gly Met-Gly-Ser-Leu-Asn-Ser-Gln Met-Thr-Asn-Ser-Leu-Ala-Gln Met-Gln-Ala-Leu-Thr-Asn-Ser Met-Glu-Ala-His-Trp-Ser-Tyrarrow_forwardThe following represent deoxyribonucleotide sequences in the template strand of DNA: Sequence 1: 5′-CTTTTTTGCCAT-3′ Sequence 2: 5′-ACATCAATAACT-3′ Sequence 3: 5′-TACAAGGGTTCT-3′ (a) For each strand, determine the mRNA sequence that would be derived from transcription. (b) Using Figure 12–7, determine the amino acid sequence that is encoded by these mRNAs. (c) For Sequence 1, what is the sequence of the partner DNA strand?arrow_forwardShown here is a theoretical viral mRNA sequence 5′-AUGCAUACCUAUGAGACCCUUGGA-3′ (a) Assuming that it could arise from overlapping genes, how many different polypeptide sequences can be produced? Using the chart in Figure 12–7, what are the sequences? (b) A base-substitution mutation that altered the sequence in part (a) eliminated the synthesis of all but one polypeptide. The altered sequence is shown below. Use Figure 12–7 to determine why it was altered. 5′-AUGCAUACCUAUGUGACCCUUGGA-3′arrow_forward
- For each of the five short mRNA nucleotide sequences given in the table below: 3. Translate the original sequence (for these short sequences start translation at the first nucleotide) 4. Identify (and highlight or underline) the one nucleotide difference between the original (left) and altered (right) sequences 5. For each altered nucleotide sequence give the type of mutation (effect at the DNA/nucleotide level; see #1 above) 6. Translate each changed sequence. Does the mutation result in a change in the amino acid sequence? If so, what is the effect of the mutation on protein structure (amino acid sequence; see #2 above)arrow_forwardRefer to the DNA sequence provided:3’ -TACTGAAGCGGCAGCCCCGCATGAGTAGACCTTACT-5’ b. What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain that will be translated from the mRNAin (a)? (The question for A is this: What is the mRNA transcript of the anticoding strand of the DNA model?)arrow_forwardGiven the following sequence of a coding DNA strand: AGTTGCGCATGCCAGAGAGGTTCGAGTGCACATAACTTGAG The template DNA strand will have the following sequence written in the conventional manner with no orientation indicators: The corresponding tRNA sequence written in the conventional manner with no orientation indicators will be: After translation was complete, the resulting polypeptide underwent post-translational modification wherein the N-terminal Met residue was removed from the polypeptide. Using one-letter abbreviations, the sequence of the resulting polypeptide isarrow_forward
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