General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259883989
Author: by Janice Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 12, Problem 75P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason for use of different temperature for different types of gasoline needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Gasolineis also called as petrol. It is a colorless flammable liquid which is derived from the petroleum. It is mainly used as the fuel in internal combustion engines of automobiles.It is a mixture of volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbons and also used as a solvent for oils and fats.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
3) Give the structural formulas and the old and new IUPAC names of all eight open-chain
isomeric alcohols with the molecular formula CSH11OH. Indicate which of these isomers
are primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.
4) Six isomeric saturated ethers have the molecular formula CsH120. Write the structural
formula and name for each of these ethers.
explain structural isomerism in aliphatic alkanes and geometric isomerism in alkenes.
Describe structural isomerism and the different types that exist. With the aid of diagrams use the molecular formulae C5H12 and C5H10 to explain structural isomerism in aliphatic alkanes and alkenes.
Describe geometric isomerism. With the aid of diagrams use the molecular formula C5H10 to explain geometric isomerism in alkenes.
Indicate which of the following are true of pentane. For each false statement, describe the reason that it
is false.
It has a higher melting point than decane.
It can hydrogen bond with water.
It is a saturated hydrocarbon.
It has the following structural formula: CsH12. True
True
False
Faise
It can exist as 3 structural isomers.
True
It has weaker London dispersion forces between molecules than octane. False
It is a structural isomer of 2-methylpropane.
It can undergo combustion reaction.
False
True
Chapter 12 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
Ch. 12.1 - How many hydrogen atoms are present in each...Ch. 12.1 - Which formulas represent acyclic alkanes and which...Ch. 12.2 - Are the compounds in each pair constitutional...Ch. 12.2 - Draw two isomers with molecular formula C6H14 that...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.3PCh. 12.2 - Classify the carbon atoms in each compound as 1°,...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.4PCh. 12.2 - Prob. 12.5PCh. 12.2 - Prob. 12.6PCh. 12.2 - Prob. 12.7P
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.8PCh. 12.2 - Prob. 12.9PCh. 12.4 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 12.10PCh. 12.4 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound....Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 12.5PPCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.6PPCh. 12.4 - Prob. 12.12PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.13PCh. 12.5 - Prob. 12.14PCh. 12.5 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.15PCh. 12.7 - Answer the following questions about pentane...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 12.17PCh. 12.7 - Prob. 12.18PCh. 12.8 - Prob. 12.19PCh. 12.9 - Prob. 12.20PCh. 12.9 - Prob. 12.21PCh. 12.9 - Prob. 12.22PCh. 12 - Prob. 23PCh. 12 - Prob. 24PCh. 12 - The waxy coating on the surface of apple skins...Ch. 12 - Prob. 26PCh. 12 - Classify each carbon as 1°, 2°, 3°, or 4°. a....Ch. 12 - Give the structure of an alkane that fits each...Ch. 12 - Prob. 29PCh. 12 - Label each pair of compounds as constitutional...Ch. 12 - Consider compounds A, B, and C. Label each pair of...Ch. 12 - Consider compounds D,E, and F. Label each pair of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33PCh. 12 - Consider compounds A-E and label each pair of...Ch. 12 - Draw structures that fit the following...Ch. 12 - Draw the five constitutional isomers having...Ch. 12 - Prob. 37PCh. 12 - Prob. 38PCh. 12 - Draw the five constitutional isomers that have...Ch. 12 - Pristane is a high molecular weight alkane found...Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the five...Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the five cyclic...Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each compoundCh. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound. c....Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each cycloalkane.Ch. 12 - Give the IUPAC name for each ccycloalkane.Ch. 12 - Prob. 49PCh. 12 - Give the structure corresponding to each IUPAC...Ch. 12 - Each of the following IUPAC names is incorrect....Ch. 12 - Each of the following IUPAC names is incorrect....Ch. 12 - Draw three constitutional isomers having molecular...Ch. 12 - Draw four constitutional isomers having molecular...Ch. 12 - Draw a skeletal structure for each compound octane...Ch. 12 - Convert each compound to a skeletal structure CH3(...Ch. 12 - Convert each skeletal structure to a complete...Ch. 12 - Convert each skeletal structure to a complete...Ch. 12 - Which compound in each pair has the higher melting...Ch. 12 - Which compound in each pair has the higher boiling...Ch. 12 - Branching in an alkane chain decreases surface...Ch. 12 - Explain why the boiling points of heptane [CH3( CH...Ch. 12 - Explain why hexane is more soluble in...Ch. 12 - Mineral oil and Vaseline are both mixtures of...Ch. 12 - Write a balanced equation for the combustion of...Ch. 12 - Write a balanced equation for the combustion of...Ch. 12 - Write a balanced equation for the incomplete...Ch. 12 - Prob. 68PCh. 12 - Prob. 69PCh. 12 - Prob. 70PCh. 12 - Prob. 71PCh. 12 - Prob. 72PCh. 12 - Prob. 73PCh. 12 - Prob. 74PCh. 12 - Prob. 75PCh. 12 - Prob. 76PCh. 12 - Prob. 77PCh. 12 - Prob. 78PCh. 12 - Prob. 79PCh. 12 - A major component of animal fat is tristearin, (a)...Ch. 12 - Answer the following questions about the alkane...Ch. 12 - Prob. 82PCh. 12 - Answer the questions in Problem 12.81 for the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 84PCh. 12 - Prob. 85CPCh. 12 - Draw the structure of the 12 constitutional...Ch. 12 - Cyclopentane has a higher boiling point than...Ch. 12 - Prob. 88CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- As stated in Section 11-9, the wax found in apple skins is an unbranched alkane with the molecular formula C^H^. Explain how the presence of this alkane in apple skins prevents the loss of moisture from within the apple.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference in bonding and in general molecular formula between an alkene and a cycloalkane with the same number of carbon atoms?arrow_forwardHow does the structure of a cycloalkane differ from that of a straight-chain or branched-chain alkane?arrow_forward
- Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true of alcohols? The proof of an alcoholic beverage is twice its ethanol content. Ethanol is added to gasoline to foster its complete combustion. Methanol and isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol) are toxic. Alcoholic beverages are most commonly formed by yeast fermentation of sugars. All of these are true.arrow_forwardConsider the following reactions: When C5H12 is reacted with Cl2(g) in the presence of ultraviolet light, four different monochlorination products form. What is the structure of C5H12 in this reaction? When C4H8 is reacted with H2O, a tertiary alcohol is produced as the major product. What is the structure of C4H8 in this reaction? When C7H12 is reacted with HCl, 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane is produced as the major product. What are the two possible structures for C7H12 in this reaction? When a hydrocarbon is reacted with water and the major product of this reaction is then oxidized, acetone (2-propanone) is produced. What is the structure of the hydrocarbon in this reaction? When C5H12O is oxidized, a carboxylic acid is produced. What are the possible structures for C5H12O in this reaction?arrow_forward
- Petrol is a complex mix of light hydrocarbons. Petrol with octane number 95 contains 95% 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. This compound can be obtained by breaking up a large hydrocarbon molecule such as dodecane, C12H26 using a catalyst such as zeolite. a) name the process where a large hydrocarbon molecule is broken into smaller molecules b) write an equation for the breaking up of dodecane into 2,2,4-trimethylpentane if another branched hydrocarbon compound is formed at the same time. c) what is the other hydrocarbon obtained ? d) draw the structural formula of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.arrow_forwardAs you can see from Table 11.4, each CH2 group added to the carbon chain of an alkane increases its boiling point. This increase is greater going from CH4 to C2H6 and from C2H6 to C3H8 than it is going from C8H18 to C9H20 or from C9H20 to C10H22. What do you think is the reason for this differencearrow_forwardEthanol is the alcohol found in all alcoholic beverages. Discuss how an alcoholic beverage would be different if it contained ethane instead of ethanol. In the online portion of the test, you were asked to rank 1-pentene, 1-pentanol, and pentanal in order from lowest to highest boiling point. Explain the reasons for the boiling point ranking. Compare and contrast alcohols with aldehydes/ketones. List at least 3 similarities and 3 differences.arrow_forward
- The chemical formula C4H10O results in four alcohols and three ethers for a total of seven structuralisomers. Draw pairs of structural formulas for these molecules that illustrate positional and functional isomerism on a sheet of paper. You will be drawing a total of four formulas. Label each pair as positional or functional.arrow_forwardOH R-HC-OH H3C. CH3 R₁ CH3 Secondary alcohols with the molecular formula C7H160 have many different structural isomers that have a parent chain containing 6 carbon atoms. I have given you one or more of those isomers. Select all of the structural isomers of this molecule--matching those conditions--that are shown in the the following list which are different from the isomers given to you. All of the isomers of this molecule may, or may not, be shown/given in this problem. You may look up the generic formula for this functional group in your course notes and may also be given to you in the image.arrow_forwardOrganic compounds may have characteristic odors as well as other characteristic physical properties. For example, the distinct odor of the seashore at low tide results in part from the presence of dimethyl sulfide (CH3SCH3), a molecule with a similar structure to dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3). Ethanethiol (CH3CH2SH), also called mercaptan, is an isomer of dimethyl sulfide with a much less pleasant odor.The table lists four related compounds and their enthalpies of vaporization (ΔH°vap) in kJ/mol. Compound ΔH°vap (kJ/mol) CH3OCH3 23 CH3SCH3 28 CH3CH2SH 27.5 CH3CH2OH 42 Rank the following compounds in order of increasing strength of their intermolecular forces, given the ΔH°vap listed for each. Place the compound with the strongest intermolecular forces (IMFs) at the top of the list. (Strongest to weaknest). Why is ΔHºvap for CH3SCH3 greater than ΔHºvap for CH3OCH3? A. CH3OCH3 is more polar. B. CH3SCH3 has stronger dipole–dipole attractions. C. CH3OCH3 can form…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chapter 4 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Lesson 2; Author: Linda Hanson;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AL_CM_Btef4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Chapter 4 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Lesson 1; Author: Linda Hanson;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPIa6EHJMJw;License: Standard Youtube License