Biology
Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 11, Problem 2AC
Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Whether every trait will have only two phenotypes and all the dominant members will have the same phenotype if all the genes in all species have two alleles.

Introduction:

Genes code for the genetic information and are located on chromosomes. Each gene in chromosome has a specific location, which is termed as a locus. However, all the genes have more than one copy and both the copies need not be identical in a human being.

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In an alternate universe, all the genes in all species haveonly two alleles, one dominant and one recessive. Wouldevery trait have only two phenotypes? Would all membersof a species that are dominant for a given gene have exactlythe same phenotype? Explain your reasoning.
You are studying the genetics of a newly discovered small animal. You note that most of the population is black in colour but about 1/4 of them are white. You have determined that there is a gene (B) that produces an enzyme that converts a pigment molecule to produce the Black colour. There are 2 alleles of this gene - the dominant B and the recessive b. DNA analysis shows that black individuals have either a BB or Bb genotype and that white individuals have a bb phenotype. However, after extensive DNA analysis, you have discovered that a small percentage of White individuals have either a BB or Bb genotype. Describe two reasons (at a molecular level) that could explain this apparent anomaly. There wasn't a mistake in analysis! These individuals did have a BB or Bb genotype but a white phenotype.
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