Chapter 9.4, Problem 45LC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given compound is an acid, or a base is to be identified. The name of each compound is to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the species that sour. They contain ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ions and the type of an acid depends on the number of hydrogen ions.

Bases are the species that are bitter. They contain ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ ions. They are ionic compounds composed of metallic (positively charged ions) and hydroxide ions (negatively charged). Bases are named as: $\text{Name}\text{of}\text{metal}+\text{hydroxide}$

Answer to Problem 45LC

The given compound is base, and its name is ammonium hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{OH}$ . It is composed of ammonium ion (polyatomic ion) and hydroxide ion. So, it is a base, and its name is ammonium hydroxide.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given compound is an acid, or a base is to be identified. The name of each compound is to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the species that sour in taste. They contain ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ions and the type of an acid depends on the number of hydrogen ions.

Bases are the species that are bitter in taste. They contain ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ ions. They are ionic compounds composed of metallic (positively charged ions) and hydroxide ions (negatively charged). Bases are named as: $\text{Name}\text{of}\text{metal}+\text{hydroxide}$

Answer to Problem 45LC

The given compound is acid, and its name is chloric acid.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is ${\text{HClO}}_3$ . It is composed of chlorate ion (polyatomic ion) and hydrogen ion. So, it is acid, and its name is chloric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given compound is an acid, or a base is to be identified. The name of each compound is to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the species that sour in taste. They contain ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ions and the type of an acid depends on the number of hydrogen ions.

Bases are the species that are bitter in taste. They contain ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ ions. They are ionic compounds composed of metallic (positively charged ions) and hydroxide ions (negatively charged). Bases are named as: $\text{Name}\text{of}\text{metal}+\text{hydroxide}$

Answer to Problem 45LC

The given compound is base, and its name is iron(III) hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{Fe}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_3$ . It is composed of iron ion (oxidation state is +3, so, the roman numeral is used for iron as it exists variable oxidation state) and hydroxide ion. So, it is a base, and its name is iron(III) hydroxide.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given compound is an acid, or a base is to be identified. The name of each compound is to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the species that sour in taste. They contain ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ions and the type of an acid depends on the number of hydrogen ions.

Bases are the species that are bitter in taste. They contain ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ ions. They are ionic compounds composed of metallic (positively charged ions) and hydroxide ions (negatively charged). Bases are named as: $\text{Name}\text{of}\text{metal}+\text{hydroxide}$

Answer to Problem 45LC

The given compound is base, and its name is potassium hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{KOH}$ . It is composed of potassium ions and hydroxide ions. So, it is a base, and its name is potassium hydroxide.