Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.2CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason for the need of using ATP as energy currency of the cell despite being intermediate energy releasing phosphorylated compound. Given
Introduction: ATP is used as the source of energy. The hydrolysis of phosphate bonds of ATP releases energy that is utilized in various biochemical processes. The interconversions, transport and other endergonic reactions require energy which is made available by ATP. The chemical energy stored as potential energy is converted into kinetic energy with the release of inorganic phosphate.
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In a major metabolic pathway involving the monosaccharide glucose, one of the reactions involve the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate summarized
below together with accompanying free energy change:
glucose + phosphate =
glucose-6-phosphate + H,0 AG = 13.8 kJ · mol-1 (Reaction 1)
In cells, the production of G6P (Reaction 1 above) is coupled to a reaction that involves the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP (shown below, Reaction 2) which makes the
overall reaction much more favorable to the production of glucose-6-phosphate.
ATP + H,O = ADP + phosphate
(Reaction 2)
Why do you think coupling the production of glucose-6-phosphate to the hydrolysis of ATP makes the overall reaction spontaneous? What can you say about
the free energy change accompanying the hydrolysis of ATP (Reaction 2)?
Consider the following list of phosphorylated compounds with their free energy changes of phosphate hydrolysis: Glucose-1-phosphate (-5.0 kcal/mol), PEP (-14.8 kcal/mole), 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (-11.8 kcal/mole) and Glucose-6-Phosphate (-3.3 kcal/mol). Given that the free energy change of ATP hydrolysis is -7.3 kcal/mole, which of these molecules be directly synthesized by the transfer of a phospho- group from ATP?
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
Glucose-6-phosphate
All of those phosphorylated compounds.
PEP
Glucose-1-phosphate
Inside cells, the AG value for the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + Pi is approximately -50 kJ/mol (-12 kcal/mol). Calculate
the approximate ratio of [ATP] to [ADP][Pi ] in cells at 37°C.
AG = AG + RT InKe
R= 8.315 x 10³ kJ mol deg
T= 298 K
Table 15.1 Standard free energies of hydrolysis of some phosphorylated
compounds
Compound
kJ mol-
kcal mol-
Phosphoenolpyruvate
1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
Creatine phosphate
ATP (to ADP)
-61.9
-14.8
-49.4
-11.8
-43.1
-10.3
-30.5
- 7.3
- 5.0
Glucose 1-phosphate
Pyrophosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate
-20.9
-19.3
-4.6
-13.8
3.3
Glycerol 3-phosphate
- 9.2
2.2
biochemistry
Chapter 9 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 9 - How are catabolic and anabolic pathways similar?...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.2CCCh. 9 - Why do oxidation and reduction reactions always...Ch. 9 - How can glucose be oxidized in the absence of...Ch. 9 - In the absence of oxygen, why is it necessary to...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.6CCCh. 9 - Prob. 1QCh. 9 - Why dont glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate) and...Ch. 9 - Why are the key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis...Ch. 9 - Why do cancer cells carry out high rates of...
Ch. 9 - High-Energy Bonds. When first introduced by Fritz...Ch. 9 - The History of Glycolysis. Following are several...Ch. 9 - Glycolysis in 25 Words or Fewer. Complete each of...Ch. 9 - Energetics of Carbohydrate Utilization. The...Ch. 9 - QUANTITATIVE Glucose Phosphorylation. The direct...Ch. 9 - Ethanol Intoxication and Methanol Toxicity. The...Ch. 9 - Propionate Fermentation. Although lactate and...Ch. 9 - QUANTITATIVE Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis. As...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9PSCh. 9 - Youve Got Some Explaining to Do. Explain each of...Ch. 9 - Arsenate Poisoning. Arsenate (HAsO42) is a potent...Ch. 9 - Life Without Phosphofructokinase. Many bacteria do...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.13PS
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Similar questions
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