Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.3PS
Glycolysis in 25 Words or Fewer. Complete each of the following statements about the glycolytic pathway in 25 words or fewer.
(a) Although the brain is an obligately aerobic organ, it still depends on glycolysis because …
(b) Although one of its reactions is an oxidation, glycolysis can proceed in the absence of oxygen because …
(c) What happens to the pyruvate generated by the glycolytic pathway depends on …
(d) If you bake bread or brew beer, you depend on glycolysis for …
(e) Two organs in your body that can use lactate are …
(f) The synthesis of glucose from lactate in a liver cell requires more molecules of nucleoside triphosphates (ATP and GTP) than are formed during the catabolism of glucose to lactate in a muscle cell because …
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Give the Enzyme/s involved, Electron carriers, ATP Generation, End product and significance of the following metabolic pathway: Glycolysis (explain in 1-3 sentences only)
CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER
There are four enzymes of gluconeogenesis that circumvent the irreversible steps in glycolysis. When starting with the substrattpyruvate, they are:A. Pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, and hexokinaseB. Pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphataseC. Glycerol kinase, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase, and glucose 6-phosphataseD. Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase
Number the oxygens(1-6) in any order. Trace the path of this glucose through pathways of glycolysis and the TCA cycle and determine which step of the pathways each oxygen is removed from the process.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 9 - How are catabolic and anabolic pathways similar?...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.2CCCh. 9 - Why do oxidation and reduction reactions always...Ch. 9 - How can glucose be oxidized in the absence of...Ch. 9 - In the absence of oxygen, why is it necessary to...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.6CCCh. 9 - Prob. 1QCh. 9 - Why dont glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate) and...Ch. 9 - Why are the key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis...Ch. 9 - Why do cancer cells carry out high rates of...
Ch. 9 - High-Energy Bonds. When first introduced by Fritz...Ch. 9 - The History of Glycolysis. Following are several...Ch. 9 - Glycolysis in 25 Words or Fewer. Complete each of...Ch. 9 - Energetics of Carbohydrate Utilization. The...Ch. 9 - QUANTITATIVE Glucose Phosphorylation. The direct...Ch. 9 - Ethanol Intoxication and Methanol Toxicity. The...Ch. 9 - Propionate Fermentation. Although lactate and...Ch. 9 - QUANTITATIVE Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis. As...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9PSCh. 9 - Youve Got Some Explaining to Do. Explain each of...Ch. 9 - Arsenate Poisoning. Arsenate (HAsO42) is a potent...Ch. 9 - Life Without Phosphofructokinase. Many bacteria do...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.13PS
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Indicate the general type of enzyme that mediates each glycolysis reaction depicted below. (e.g. Transferase, Oxidoreductase, Kinase, Hydrolase, Lyase, or Isomerase) iii. O H Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate H-C-OH + NAD CH₂O-P + P₁ H-O- -C-H Glucose →→ Glucose-6-phosphate H b 0 OH HO OH H-C- 0 -H HO- H ОН H-C-OH + NADH +H+ CH₂O P P ATP ADP 1 H (P-O- -C- H H HO OH 2-Phosphoglycerate → Phosphoenolpyruvate 0 OH H ОН -O~(P) + HOHarrow_forwardGlycolysis and gluconeogenesis share most of their reactions and enzymes, apart from the three irreversible reactions in glycolysis. Provide a simplified schematic presentation (metabolic map) of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; and indicate the enzymes that differ between the two processes.arrow_forwardGive the Steps, Enzyme/s involved, Electron carriers, ATP Generation, End product and significance of the following metabolic pathway: Pyruvate Oxidation (explain in 1-3 sentences only)arrow_forward
- a) describe the overall reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase Situational Problems I. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and the TCA cycle in muscles are stimulated by increased aerobic excrcise. These processes operate only when O, is present, although oxygen does not participate directly in these processes. Explain why oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is activated under aerobic conditions. For the answer: a) describe the overall reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate complex (PDH) and its regulation; b) outline the intermediates and enzymes of the TCA cycle; c) explain the relationship between the reactions of PDH and the TCA cycle and the respiratory chain.arrow_forwardCalculate the total ATP produced by the complete oxidation of a triglyceride composed of three palmitic acids in the liver. Be sure to indicate the specific steps involved and their corresponding ATP (or ATP equivalent).arrow_forwardThe parentheses represent the choices for each part. After glycolysis, the steps of aerobic respiration proceed from (the citric acid cycle, electron transfer phosphorylation, acetyl-coA formation) to (the citric acid cycle, electron transfer phosphorylation, acetyl-coA formation) to (the citric acid cycle, electron transfer phosphorylation, acetyl-coA formation)arrow_forward
- The large amount of energy used during aerobic exercise (e.g., running) requires large amounts of oxaloacetate. Explain why acetyl-CoA cannot be used to produce oxaloacetate in this circumstance. What is the likely source of oxaloacetate molecules during aerobic activity?arrow_forwardThioester play an important role in glycolysis and the TCA cycle. Which reactions in glycolysis and tca cycle involve thioesters.arrow_forwardThe large amount of energy used during aerobic exercise(e.g., running) requires large amounts of oxaloacetate.Explain why acetyl-CoA cannot be used to produceoxaloacetate in this circumstance. What is the sourceof oxaloacetate molecules during aerobic activity?arrow_forward
- This is the ATP accounting question. You are limited to the carbon in the following molecules: One xylulose 5-phosphate, One glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, One sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, 1 Oxaloacetate, and 3 carbon dioxide A) Disregard regulation completely regarding pathway activity, using only the enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and citric acid cycle, what is the maximum ATP one can generate with these molecules? B) Disregard regulation completely regarding pathway activity, using only the enzymes of glycolysis, Calvin- Benson-Bassham cycle, and citric acid cycle, what is the maximum ATP one can generate with these molecules (in this instance only, you also are given 3 ATP and note that you do NOT need to regenerate substrates for rubisco once you get through this enzyme).arrow_forwardIndicate what will happen (increase, decrease or no effect) to the activity of enzyme or rate of the metabolic pathway given the following conditions: 1. release of glucagon in the blood to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase 1 2. phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase 3. low [carbon dioxide]/[oxygen gas] ratio to the oxygenase activity of RuBisCOarrow_forwarddetailed essay on Comparison of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis under the followingheadings:(A) Starting/end products of each process;arrow_forward
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