Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 26P
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The human β-globin polypeptide contains
Introduction:
According to the central dogma of life, DNA is transcribed to mRNA, and mRNA is translated into proteins. Three nucleotides (codons) in mRNA code for one amino acid.
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Knowing that the genetic code is almost universal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods to insert the human β-globin gene (Shown in Figure 17.11) into bacterial cells, hoping the cells will express it and synthesize functional β-globin protein. Instead, the protein produced is nonfunctional and is found to contain many fewer amino acids than does β-globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain why.
A normal hemoglobin protein has a glutamic acid at position 6; in sickle-cell hemoglobin, this glutamic acid has been replaced by a valine. List all the possible mRNA codons that could be present for each type of hemoglobin. Can a single base change result in a change from Glu to Val in hemoglobin?
The a chain of eukaryotic hemoglobin is composed of 141 amino acids. What is the minimum number of nucleotides in an mRNA coding for this polypeptide chain?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 9 - 9.1 Some proteins are composed of two or more...Ch. 9 - In the experiments that deciphered the genetic...Ch. 9 - 9.3 Several lines of experimental evidence pointed...Ch. 9 - Outline the events that occur during initiation of...Ch. 9 - 9.5 A portion of a DNA template strand has the...Ch. 9 - Describe three features of tRNA molecules that...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7PCh. 9 - For each of the anticodon sequences given in the...Ch. 9 - What is the role of codons UAA, UGA and UAG in...Ch. 9 - Compare and contrast the composition and structure...
Ch. 9 - Consider translation of the following mRNA...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12PCh. 9 - Third-base wobble allows some tRNAs to recognize...Ch. 9 - The genetic code contains 61 codons to specify the...Ch. 9 - 9.15 The three major forms of (,, and ) interact...Ch. 9 - The accompanying figure contains sufficient...Ch. 9 - 9.17 The line below represents a mature eukaryotic...Ch. 9 - 9.18. After completing Problem, carefully draw a...Ch. 9 - 9.19 Define and describe the differences in the...Ch. 9 - 9.20. Describe the roles and relationships...Ch. 9 - 9.21 In an experiment to decipher the genetic...Ch. 9 - Identify and describe the steps that lead to the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 23PCh. 9 - Har Gobind Khorana and his colleagues performed...Ch. 9 - 9.25 An experiment by Khorana and his colleagues...Ch. 9 - Prob. 26PCh. 9 - 9.27 The mature transcribed from the human gene is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 28PCh. 9 - Prob. 29PCh. 9 - Prob. 30PCh. 9 - 9.31 A portion of the coding strand of for a gene...Ch. 9 - A eukaryotic mRNA has the following sequence. The...Ch. 9 - Diagram a eukaryotic gene containing three exons...Ch. 9 - Prob. 34PCh. 9 - 9.35 Table lists and gene sequences for or ...Ch. 9 - Prob. 36PCh. 9 - In terms of the polycistronic composition of mRNAs...Ch. 9 - Prob. 38PCh. 9 - 9.39 Answer the following questions about the...Ch. 9 - 9.40 for each of the following anticodon...Ch. 9 - Prob. 41PCh. 9 - Prob. 42P
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- Three E. coli tRNA molecules with the anticodon sequences CGG, OGG , and UGG are charged with the same amino acid. What is the amino acid ?arrow_forwardin the human gene for the beta chain of hemoglobin, the first 30 nucleotides in the amino acid coding region is represented by the sequence 3'TACCACGTGGACTGAGGACTCCTCTTCAGA-5'. What is the sequence of the partner strand? If the DNA duplex for the beta chain of hemoglobin above were transcribed from left to right, deduce the base sequence of the RNA in this coding region.arrow_forwardA single base addition and a single base deletion approximately 15 bases apart in the mRNA specifying the protein lysozyme from the bacterial virus T4 caused a change in the protein from its wil-type composition….lys-ser-pro-ser-leu-asn-ala-ala-lys…..to the mutant form lys-val-his-his-leu-met-ala-alalys.a. Decipher the segment of mRNA for both the original protein and the double mutant.b. Which base was added? Which was deleted?arrow_forward
- B) The beta chain of eukaryotic protein is made up of 141 amino acids. What is the minimum number of nucleotides for the mRNA coding for this polypeptide?arrow_forwardConsider the following DNA sequence, which codes for a short polypeptide: 5'-ATGGGCTTAGCGTAGGTTAGT-3' Determine the mRNA transcript of this sequence. You have to write these sequences from the 5' end to the 3' end and indicate those ends as shown in the original sequence in order to get the full mark. How many amino acids will make up this polypeptide? Determine the first four anticodons that will be used in order to translate this sequence.arrow_forwardConsider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a translational start): 5’- GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3’ By in vitro translating the mRNA, you determined that the translated peptide is 15 amino acids long. What is the expected peptide sequence in single letter abbreviations?arrow_forward
- Knowing that the genetic code is almost universal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods to insert the human - globin gene (shown in the figure below (Links to an external site.)) into bacterial cells, hoping the cells will express it and synthesize functional - globin protein. Instead, the protein produced is nonfunctional and is found to contain many fewer amino acids than does -globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain why and give thoughts as to how to overcome this.arrow_forwardUsing the genetic code table provided below, write out the sequence of three different possible mRNA sequences that could encode the following sequence of amino acids: Met-Phe-Cys-Trp-Glu C A G U C UUU Phe UCU Ser UUC Phe UCC Ser UCA Ser UUA Leu UUG Leu UCG Ser CUU Leu CCU Pro CUC Leu CUA Leu CUG Leu CCG A CAU His CGU Arg CCC Pro CAC His CGC Arg UAU Tyr UGU Cys U UAC Tyr UGC Cys C Stop UGA Stop Stop UGG Trp UAA A UAG G CCA Pro CAA Gln Pro CAG AUU lle AUC lle AUA lle AUG Met ACG G 등등 Gln CGA Arg CGG Arg ACU Thr AAU Asn AGU Ser ACC AAC Asn AGC Ser Thr ACA Thr Thr AAA Lys AGA Arg AAG Lys AGG Arg GUU Val GCU Ala GAU Asp GGU Gly GGC Gly GUC Val GCC Ala GAC Asp GUA Val GCA Ala GAA Glu GGA Gly GUG Val GCG Ala GAG Glu GGG Gly U C A G U C A G SUAUarrow_forwardOne of the codons in mRNA that specifies the amino acid phenylalanine is UUC. What is the anticodon on the tRNA that carries phenylalanine?arrow_forward
- For the following mRNA sequences, what is the amino acid sequence formed? Consult genetic code table for reference. 5' AGUCCGUAC 3' 5' AAUUGCUUC 3'arrow_forwardWhat is the molecular weight of an MRNA that codes for the protein of molecular weight 75000KD? (Assume the molecular weight of an amino acid residue is 120 Da)arrow_forwardFor the anticodon sequences 5' IAA and 5' xm^3s^2UAA, considering the DNA sequences of the genes encoding the tRNAs(assuming both tRNAs exist even if that is not true), What is the sequence of the RNA-like strand of each tRNA gene that corresponds to the tRNA's anticodon? be sure to indicate polarities.arrow_forward
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