Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 25P
An experiment by Khorana and his colleagues translated a synthetic
How many reading frames are possible in this
What is the result obtained from each reading frame?
How does the result of this experiment help confirm the triplet nature of the genetic code?
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Knowing that the genetic code is almost universal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods to insert the human - globin gene (shown in the figure below (Links to an external site.)) into bacterial cells, hoping the cells will express it and synthesize functional - globin protein. Instead, the protein produced is nonfunctional and is found to contain many fewer amino acids than does -globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain why and give thoughts as to how to overcome this.
Shown below is an R loop prepared for electron microscopy by annealing a purified eukaryotic messenger RNA with DNA from a genomic clone containing the full-length gene corresponding to the mRNA.
(a) How many exons does the gene contain? How many introns?
(b) Where in this structure would you expect to find a 5′,5′-internucleotide bond? Where would you expect to find a polyadenylic acid sequence?
Here is a eukaryotic gene. The numbers given are base pairs of exon and intron.
How long in bases will the pre mRNA transcript be? Explain briefly.
What is the maximum number of amino acids that could make up the protein product from the final mRNA? Explain briefly.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 9 - 9.1 Some proteins are composed of two or more...Ch. 9 - In the experiments that deciphered the genetic...Ch. 9 - 9.3 Several lines of experimental evidence pointed...Ch. 9 - Outline the events that occur during initiation of...Ch. 9 - 9.5 A portion of a DNA template strand has the...Ch. 9 - Describe three features of tRNA molecules that...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7PCh. 9 - For each of the anticodon sequences given in the...Ch. 9 - What is the role of codons UAA, UGA and UAG in...Ch. 9 - Compare and contrast the composition and structure...
Ch. 9 - Consider translation of the following mRNA...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12PCh. 9 - Third-base wobble allows some tRNAs to recognize...Ch. 9 - The genetic code contains 61 codons to specify the...Ch. 9 - 9.15 The three major forms of (,, and ) interact...Ch. 9 - The accompanying figure contains sufficient...Ch. 9 - 9.17 The line below represents a mature eukaryotic...Ch. 9 - 9.18. After completing Problem, carefully draw a...Ch. 9 - 9.19 Define and describe the differences in the...Ch. 9 - 9.20. Describe the roles and relationships...Ch. 9 - 9.21 In an experiment to decipher the genetic...Ch. 9 - Identify and describe the steps that lead to the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 23PCh. 9 - Har Gobind Khorana and his colleagues performed...Ch. 9 - 9.25 An experiment by Khorana and his colleagues...Ch. 9 - Prob. 26PCh. 9 - 9.27 The mature transcribed from the human gene is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 28PCh. 9 - Prob. 29PCh. 9 - Prob. 30PCh. 9 - 9.31 A portion of the coding strand of for a gene...Ch. 9 - A eukaryotic mRNA has the following sequence. The...Ch. 9 - Diagram a eukaryotic gene containing three exons...Ch. 9 - Prob. 34PCh. 9 - 9.35 Table lists and gene sequences for or ...Ch. 9 - Prob. 36PCh. 9 - In terms of the polycistronic composition of mRNAs...Ch. 9 - Prob. 38PCh. 9 - 9.39 Answer the following questions about the...Ch. 9 - 9.40 for each of the following anticodon...Ch. 9 - Prob. 41PCh. 9 - Prob. 42P
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- The following represent deoxyribonucleotide sequences in the template strand of DNA: Sequence 1: 5′-CTTTTTTGCCAT-3′ Sequence 2: 5′-ACATCAATAACT-3′ Sequence 3: 5′-TACAAGGGTTCT-3′ (a) For each strand, determine the mRNA sequence that would be derived from transcription. (b) Using Figure 12–7, determine the amino acid sequence that is encoded by these mRNAs. (c) For Sequence 1, what is the sequence of the partner DNA strand?arrow_forwardKnowing that the genetic code is almost universal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods to insert the human β-globin gene (Shown in Figure 17.11) into bacterial cells, hoping the cells will express it and synthesize functional β-globin protein. Instead, the protein produced is nonfunctional and is found to contain many fewer amino acids than does β-globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain why.arrow_forwardThe following four mutations have been discovered in a gene that has more than 60 exons and encodes a very large protein of 2532 amino acids. Indicate which mutation would likely cause a detectable change in the size of the mRNA and/or the size of the protein product. Consider a detectable change to be >10% of the wild-type size. A table of the genetic code is shown below. First letter 0 00 U O A บบบ UUC UUA UUG U CUU CUC CUA CUG Phe GUU GUC GUA GUG Leu >Leu AUU AUC lle AUA AUG Met >Val UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG Second letter C Ser Pro Thr Ala CAU CAC CAA CAG UAU UGU Tyr UAC UGC UAA Stop UGA UAG Stop UGG AAU AAC AAA AAG A GAU GAC GAA GAG His Gin Asn Lys Asp G Glu CGU CGC CGA CGGJ AGU AGC AGA AGG GGU GGC GGA GGG O AAG576UAG (changes codon 576 from AAG to UAG) Cys Stop Trp O GUG326AUG (changes codon 326 from GUG to AUG) Arg Ser Arg Gly DUAG DUA G DCAG DO AG deletion of codon 779 insertion of 1000 base pairs into the sixth intron (this particular…arrow_forward
- Consider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a translational start): 5’- GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3’ By in vitro translating the mRNA, you determined that the translated peptide is 15 amino acids long. What is the expected peptide sequence in single letter abbreviations?arrow_forwardA group of researchers are trying to find out whether a specific intron follows the splicing mechanism for Group I or Group II introns. They start out with two samples, each containing sufficient buffer conditions for self-splicing to occur, and a strand of mRNA that is 4,500 nt long that includes the intron of interest, which is 500 nt long (see schematic below). Sample 1 has nothing else added, whereas sample 2 has additional free guanosines. Intron 1,000 nt 500 nt 3,000 nt After incubating the samples for a sufficient amount of time for the reaction to occur, the researchers visualize the products from both samples on a DNA agarose gel, and then conclude that the intron is a Group II intron. a) Please predict the results from the DNA gel for both samples 1 and 2 by drawing the bands in the blank gel with DNA ladder provided below: How many bands are seen for each sample? What are the lengths of the bands? Sample 1 b) 5,000 nt 4,000 nt 3,000 nt 1,000 nt 500 nt 250 nt Sample 2 Draw…arrow_forwardGiven the mRNA sequence below, 5'-UUCCCAAAGUAU-3'Answer the following below:1. What is the sequence of amino acids using the table of genetic code? (three-letter abbreviation)2. Given the situation that a mutation occurs by substitution of the 12th nucleotide with cytidine 5'-monophosphate, what is the resulting amino acid sequence?3. What type of mutation occured? Specific what type under frameshift and point mutationsarrow_forward
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