10th Edition

ISBN: 9780321989178

Author: Neil A. Weiss

Publisher: PEARSON

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In a 2-proportion test, two separate proportions are measured at the same time, and their similarity is evaluated. It is also known as a 2-proportion z-test, and a comparison of two different proportions is done in this method.

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Chapter 8.1, Problem 18E

Cottonmouth Litter Size. In the article “The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range” (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 391–398), C. Blem and L. Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 44 female cottonmouths yielded the following data on number of young per litter.

Chapter 8.1, Problem 18E, Cottonmouth Litter Size. In the article The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the

a. Use the data to obtain a point estimate for the mean number of young per litter, μ, of all female eastern cottonmouths. (Note: ∑x_i = 334.)
b. Is your point estimate in part (a) likely to equal μ exactly? Explain your answer.

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...

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Chapter 8.1, Problem 17E

Chapter 8.1, Problem 19E

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Is the crime rate in New York different from the crime rate in New Jersey? Independent random samples from region A (cities in New York) and region B (cities in New Jersey) gave the following information about violent crime rate (number of violent crimes per 100,000 population). (Reference: U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation.) Region A 467 454 409 607 562 503 602 516 610 590 453 Region B 406 569 517 408 532 465 501 457 443 617 613 524 Use a 10% level of significance to test the claim that there is no difference in the crime rate distributions of the two states. (a) What is the level of significance? (b) Compute the sample test statistic. (Use 2 decimal places.) (c) Find the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Use 4 decimal places.)

In the article “The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range” (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 391–398), Blem and Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 44 female cottonmouths yielded a sample mean of ??̅ = 7.6 young per litter. Assume σ = 2.4. a. Is the sample mean likely to equal μ exactly? Explain your answer b. Find the 95% Confidence Interval. c. How large a sample would be needed to get at 99% confidence interval with a margin of error of just 0.1?

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Introductory Statistics (10th Edition)

Ch. 8.1 - The value of a statistic used to estimate a...Ch. 8.1 - What is a confidence-interval estimate of a...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 3E Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 4E Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 5E Ch. 8.1 - Suppose that you lake 500 simple random samples...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 7E Ch. 8.1 - A simple random sample is taken from a population...Ch. 8.1 - Refer to Exercise 8.7 and find a point estimate...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 10E

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Urban Travel Times Population of cities and driving times are related, as shown in the accompanying table, which shows the 1960 population N, in thousands, for several cities, together with the average time T, in minutes, sent by residents driving to work. City Population N Driving time T Los Angeles 6489 16.8 Pittsburgh 1804 12.6 Washington 1808 14.3 Hutchinson 38 6.1 Nashville 347 10.8 Tallahassee 48 7.3 An analysis of these data, along with data from 17 other cities in the United States and Canada, led to a power model of average driving time as a function of population. a Construct a power model of driving time in minutes as a function of population measured in thousands b Is average driving time in Pittsburgh more or less than would be expected from its population? c If you wish to move to a smaller city to reduce your average driving time to work by 25, how much smaller should the city be?
1. (Prob. 11-12, p. 438) An article in the Journal of Environmental Engineering (1989, Vol. 115(3), pp. 608–619) reported the results of a study on the occurrence of sodium and chloride in surface streams in central Rhode Island. The following data are chloride concentration y (in milligrams per liter) and roadway area in the watershed x (in percentage). y 4.4 6.6 9.7 10.6 10.8 10.9 0.19 0.15 0.57 0.70 0.67 0.63 y 11.8 12.1 14.3 14.7 15.0 17.3 0.47 0.70 0.60 0.78 0.81 0.78 y 19.2 23.1 27.4 27.7 31.8 39.5 0.69 1.30 1.05 1.06 1.74 1.62 a. Draw a scatter diagram of the data. Does a simple linear regression model seem appropriate here? b. Fit the simple linear regression model using the method of least squares. Find an estimate of o?. C. Estimate the mean chloride concentration for a watershed that has 1% roadway area. d. Find the fitted value corresponding to x = 0.47 and the associated residual.
Suppose a certain retailer sells several models of refrigerators. A random sample of the models sold by this retailer and their corresponding cubic feet (cu. ft.) and list price can be found below. Model Model 1 Model 2 Model 31 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water. Model 4 Model 5 Model 6 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 7 Model 8. Model 9 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 10 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 11 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 12. Model 13 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 14 Model 14 Model 15 Model 16 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 17 Model 18 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 19 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 20 with Thru-the-Door Ice and Water Model 21 Cu.Ft. List Price 18.3 Ho: B₂ 20 H₂: B₁ 0 ⒸH₁: B₁ = 0 H₂: P₁0 24.8 25.4 19.3 17.3 19.6 25.0 25.4 26.0 25.6 18.0 25.0 20.2 24.5 $1,299.99 20.2 15.5 28.2 27.8 $899.99 23.6 $1,799.99 $1,799.99 $749.99 $599.99 $1,619.99 $999.99 $1,299.99 $1,299.99 $1,099.99 $679.99 $2,199.99…

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Solution Summary: The author explains that the point estimate of the population mean number of young per litter is 7.591.

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