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A flow nozzle is a device for measuring the flow rate in a pipe. This particular nozzle is to be used to measure low-speed air flow for which compressibility may be neglected. During operation, the pressures p1 and p2 are recorded, as well as upstream temperature, T1. Find the mass flow rate in terms of Δp = p2−p1 and T1, the gas constant for air, and device diameters D1 and D2. Assume the flow is frictionless. Will the actual flow be more or less than this predicted flow? Why?
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Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
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