Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 16P
In Meselson and Stahl’s density shift experiments (diagrammed in Fig. 6.20), describe the results you would expect in each of the following situations:
| a. | Conservative replication after two rounds of DNA synthesis on 14N. |
| b. | Semiconservative replication after three rounds of DNA synthesis on 14N. |
| c. | Dispersive replication after three rounds of DNA synthesis on 14N. |
| d. | Conservative replication after three rounds of DNA synthesis on 14N. |
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements BEST DESCRIBES the main findings of the Meselson-Stahl experiment?
A.
DNA can be separated using centrifugation
B.
The semiconservative model of DNA replication is more accurate than the dispersive or conservative models of DNA replication
C.
Using 14N in experiments is an effective way of tracking nitrogen molecules
D.
Bacteria grown in the presence of a heavier nitrogen isotope (15N) will replicate at a slower rate than those that utilise a lighter nitrogen isotope (14N)
E.
Both strands of each new DNA double helix are brand new and synthesized from individual nucleotides
You decide to repeat the Meselson-Stahl experiment, except this time you plan to grow the E. coli cells on light 14N medium for many generations and then transfer them to heavy 15N medium and allow them to grow for 2 additional generations (2 rounds of DNA replication). If the conservative model of DNA replication was correct, what is the expected distribution of DNA in the density gradient after two rounds of replication?
Multiple Choice
One band of intermediate density.
One band of light density.
One band of heavy density.
One band of light density and one band of heavy density.
One band of light density and one band of intermediate density.
You decide to repeat the Meselson-Stahl experiment, except this time you plan to grow the E. coli cells on light 14N medium for many generations and then transfer them to heavy 15N medium and allow them to grow for 2 additional generations (2 rounds of DNA replication). If the conservative model of DNA replication was correct, what is the expected distribution of DNA in the density gradient after two rounds of replication?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 6 - Griffith, in his 1928 experiments, demonstrated...Ch. 6 - Griffith, in his 1928 experiments, demonstrated...Ch. 6 - During bacterial transformation, DNA that enters a...Ch. 6 - Nitrogen and carbon are more abundant in proteins...Ch. 6 - If 30 of the bases in human DNA are A, a what...Ch. 6 - Which of the following statements are true about...Ch. 6 - Imagine you have three test tubes containing...Ch. 6 - What information about the structure of DNA was...Ch. 6 - A portion of one DNA strand of the human gene...Ch. 6 - When a double-stranded DNA molecule is exposed to...
Ch. 6 - A particular virus with DNA as its genetic...Ch. 6 - The underlying structure of DNA is very simple,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 13PCh. 6 - Bacterial transformation and bacteriophage...Ch. 6 - The CAP protein is shown bound to DNA in Fig....Ch. 6 - In Meselson and Stahls density shift experiments...Ch. 6 - When Meselson and Stahl grew E. coli in 15N medium...Ch. 6 - If you expose human tissue culture cells for...Ch. 6 - Draw a replication bubble with both replication...Ch. 6 - a. Do any strands of nucleic acid exist in nature...Ch. 6 - As Fig. 6.21 shows, DNA polymerase cleaves the...Ch. 6 - The bases of one of the strands of DNA in a region...Ch. 6 - Replicating structures in DNA can be observed in...Ch. 6 - Indicate the role of each of the following in DNA...Ch. 6 - Draw a diagram of replication that is occurring at...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.18 depicts Watson and Cricks initial...Ch. 6 - Researchers have discovered that during...Ch. 6 - A DNA synthesizer is a machine that uses automated...Ch. 6 - Bacterial cells were coinfected with two types of...Ch. 6 - A yeast strain with a mutant spo11- allele has...Ch. 6 - Imagine that you have done a cross between two...Ch. 6 - The Neurospora octad shown came from a cross...Ch. 6 - From a cross between e f g and e f g strains of...Ch. 6 - In Step 6 of Fig. 6.27, the resolvase enzyme...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.31shows four potential outcomes of...Ch. 6 - Each of the substrates for site-specific...Ch. 6 - Prob. 37PCh. 6 - Suppose that you could inject a wild-type mouse...Ch. 6 - C31 is a type of bacteriophage that infects...Ch. 6 - Cre is a recombinase enzyme encoded by a gene in...Ch. 6 - Like Cre/loxP recombination, site-specific...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- You are studying a colony of cells and determine that some of these cells have a mutated DNA polymerase I that results in loss of function of this enzyme. A) What will the effect of the mutation in DNA polymerase I be on DNA replication? In your answer make sure to describe what would be observed in the leading and lagging strand and explain your reasoning. B) Will this mutation in DNA polymerase I have an impact on another step in DNA replication? In your answer make sure to indicate whether DNA replication will be impacted or not. If it is not, explain why. If it is impacted, then describe the step that is impacted and name the molecule or enzyme involved.arrow_forwardUsing the same experimental setup as in the original Meselson and Stahl experiment, predict the bands (heavy, light or intermediate) that you would observe after one round of replication if DNA polymerase replicated the bacterial genome by the conservative model of replication. Draw and explain your prediction.arrow_forwardThis is a three part question: Figure B in Box 4.1 illustrates the results of the Meselson-Stahl experiment after a single cycle of replication in 14N. (a) Explain the results they observed after two rounds of replication in 14N medium. (b) Draw out the expected results if a third round of replication were allowed in 14N medium. (c) Two other models for template-directed replication were considered as alternatives to semi-conservative replication. One of these was conservative replication, in which the parental strands were unpaired, replicated, then reannealed such that the parental strands stayed together and the newly synthesized strands were together. The second model was dispersive replication, in which one strand was used as the template for polymerization, then the polymerase switched to using the other strand as the template, and subsequently switched back and forth between the two strands until bother were fully replicated. Each of these models is ruled out by one of your…arrow_forward
- The Meselson-Stahl experiment provided strong evidence that DNA replication was conservative, by alternately growing bacteria in medium with heavy 15N and light 14N. If DNA replication were dispersive, what result would Meselson and Stahl have observed after the first round of DNA replication in light nitrogen? Group of answer choices Two bands, one at the location for pure 15N and one at the location for pure 14N. One band, located half way between the locations for pure 15N and pure 14N. Two bands, one at the location for pure 15N and one located halfway between the locations for pure 15N and pure 14N. None of these Three bands, one at the location for pure 15N, one at the location for pure 14N, and one at a location halfway between.arrow_forwardIn Semi conservative replication: A. After one round of replication of a single molecule of DNA, one DNA molecule will be produced that contains two parental strands of DNA and one DNA molecule will be produced that contains two new (or de novo) strands. B. After one round of replication of a single molecule of DNA, two resulting DNA molecules will be produced both of which contain a mix of both parental and new DNA interspersed on every strand of DNA C. After two rounds of replication of a single molecule of DNA, two resulting DNA molecules will contain both a parental strand and a new strand of DNA and the other two resulting DNA molecules will contain all new (or de novo) DNA D. After two rounds of replication of a single molecule of DNA, one resulting DNA molecule will contain 2 parental strands of DNA and the other three resulting DNA molecules will contain all new (or de novo) DNA E. A and C F. B and Darrow_forwardPCR is a molecular biology technique where template DNA is amplified using a primer and oligonucleotides. The reaction is catalyzed by a thermostable DNA polymerase and in a particular reaction, the template strands are denatured at 95˚C. For strand hybridization, the melting temperature is 55˚C. What do you predict about the average duration of H bonds at the high temperature in comparison to the low temperature?arrow_forward
- Suppose the experiment of Meselson and Stahl was performed on a sample of 8 cells, each containing one copy of its circular double-stranded DNA genome, and that had been growing on normal 14N medium. You then grew the cells for 3 generations in medium containing 15N. The outcome would be A) 8 cells with single-stranded DNA molecules with 14N, and 24 cells with single-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. B) 16 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with equal amounts of 14N and 15N, and 48 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. C) 8 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with equal amounts of 14N and 15N, and 24 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. D) 8 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with equal amounts of 14N and 15N, and 32 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. E) 65 cells with single-stranded DNA molecules with 15N.arrow_forwardRefer to Figure, which presents the Meselson–Stahl experiment. DNA molecules can be denatured by high pH, as well as by heat. Suppose that the CsCl gradient centrifugations were run at pH 12, conditions under which DNA strands separate. Sketch the gradient profiles expected for each of the four samples depicted in the figure.arrow_forwardYou examine DNA replication in an E. coli mutant, which has a partially defective DNA polymerase. In vitro experiments using the mutant DNA polymerase gives an error rate of 10-3, as compared to the expected error rate of 10-6. Which of the following activities is the mutant polymerase likely to be missing, as compared to the normal polymerase? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands of DNA in prokaryotic cells? a. O b. The leading strand is synthesized by one polymerase III continuously, and the lagging strand is synthesized by several molecules of DNA polymerase III. d. The leading and lagging strands are synthesized at the same time by the one DNA polymerase I. O c. The leading and lagging strands are synthesized at the same time by the one DNA polymerase III. The leading strand is synthesized by one polymerase III, and the lagging strand is synthesized by DNA polymerase I.arrow_forwardWhat was the significance of Meselson and Stahl’s experiments on DNA replication using the heavy isotope of Nitrogen? A. telomerase was identified as the molecule responsible for solving the end replication problem of eukaryotic chromosomes B. the existence of lagging strand synthesis was proven. C. the rate of DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase was measured D. the processivity of DNA polymerase was established E. the semi-conservative mode of DNA replication was confirmedarrow_forwardWrite the order of the following components for the process of Homologous Recombination repair: A. DNA synthesis B. Strand invasion C. Double-strand break D. nucleases create uneven strands E. DNA ligationarrow_forward
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