Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 12P
The underlying structure of DNA is very simple, consisting of only four possible building blocks.
| a. | How is it possible for DNA to carry complex genetic information if its structure is so simple? |
| b. | What are these building blocks? Can each block be subdivided into smaller units, and if so, what are they? What kindsof |
| c. | How does the underlying structure of RNA differ from that of DNA? |
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The underlying structure of DNA is very simple, consisting of only four possible building blocks.a. How is it possible for DNA to carry complexgenetic information if its structure is so simple?b. What are these building blocks? Can each block besubdivided into smaller units, and if so, what arethey? What kinds of chemical bonds link the building blocks?c. How does the underlying structure of RNA differfrom that of DNA?
The underlying structure of DNA is very simple, consisting of only four possible building blocks. a. How is it possible for DNA to carry complex genetic information if its structure is so simple?
b. What is the difference between the 3' and the 5' ends of a nucleotide chain?
C. Do the chains run the same way?
d. How are the chains connected?
e. Which bases bond to each other?
f. What kinds of bonds hold the chain together?
3. What are the main differences between RNA and DNA?
4. Distinguish between the structure of pyrimidines and purines. Explain why adenine
bonds only to thymine.
5. Name the five nitrogenous bases in the table below, and put an X in the correct column
for each base. Then indicate if the base if found in DNA (D), RNA (R), or both (B)
hp
Chapter 6 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 6 - Griffith, in his 1928 experiments, demonstrated...Ch. 6 - Griffith, in his 1928 experiments, demonstrated...Ch. 6 - During bacterial transformation, DNA that enters a...Ch. 6 - Nitrogen and carbon are more abundant in proteins...Ch. 6 - If 30 of the bases in human DNA are A, a what...Ch. 6 - Which of the following statements are true about...Ch. 6 - Imagine you have three test tubes containing...Ch. 6 - What information about the structure of DNA was...Ch. 6 - A portion of one DNA strand of the human gene...Ch. 6 - When a double-stranded DNA molecule is exposed to...
Ch. 6 - A particular virus with DNA as its genetic...Ch. 6 - The underlying structure of DNA is very simple,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 13PCh. 6 - Bacterial transformation and bacteriophage...Ch. 6 - The CAP protein is shown bound to DNA in Fig....Ch. 6 - In Meselson and Stahls density shift experiments...Ch. 6 - When Meselson and Stahl grew E. coli in 15N medium...Ch. 6 - If you expose human tissue culture cells for...Ch. 6 - Draw a replication bubble with both replication...Ch. 6 - a. Do any strands of nucleic acid exist in nature...Ch. 6 - As Fig. 6.21 shows, DNA polymerase cleaves the...Ch. 6 - The bases of one of the strands of DNA in a region...Ch. 6 - Replicating structures in DNA can be observed in...Ch. 6 - Indicate the role of each of the following in DNA...Ch. 6 - Draw a diagram of replication that is occurring at...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.18 depicts Watson and Cricks initial...Ch. 6 - Researchers have discovered that during...Ch. 6 - A DNA synthesizer is a machine that uses automated...Ch. 6 - Bacterial cells were coinfected with two types of...Ch. 6 - A yeast strain with a mutant spo11- allele has...Ch. 6 - Imagine that you have done a cross between two...Ch. 6 - The Neurospora octad shown came from a cross...Ch. 6 - From a cross between e f g and e f g strains of...Ch. 6 - In Step 6 of Fig. 6.27, the resolvase enzyme...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.31shows four potential outcomes of...Ch. 6 - Each of the substrates for site-specific...Ch. 6 - Prob. 37PCh. 6 - Suppose that you could inject a wild-type mouse...Ch. 6 - C31 is a type of bacteriophage that infects...Ch. 6 - Cre is a recombinase enzyme encoded by a gene in...Ch. 6 - Like Cre/loxP recombination, site-specific...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Do any strands of nucleic acid exist in nature in which part of the strand is DNA and part is RNA? If so, a.describe when such strands of nucleic acid are synthesized. Is the RNA component at the 5' end or at the 3' end?arrow_forwardThe following is diagram of a generalized tetranucleotide. Carbons exist at corners on the shapes and phosphate groups are filled circles. A. Is this a DNA or an RNA Molecule? B. Where is the 3’ end of this tetranucleotide? C. Given that the DNA strand which served as a template for the synthesis of this tetranucleotide was composed of the bases 5’-ACAG-3’, where are the expected bases?arrow_forwardThe base composition of one of the DNA chains of a DNA double helix contains 18 mol-%A, 35 mol-%T, 26 mol-%C, and 21 mol-%G (a) What is the base composition of the complementary DNA chain? (b) Is the total amount of purine bases equal to the total amount of pyrimidine bases for the DNA double helix?arrow_forward
- In the image attached, there are 4 nitrogenous bases plus ribose used to generate strands of DNA. They are oriented with hydrogen bonding regions aligned. A. Diagram the chemical structure of cytosine hydrogen-bonded to guanine in normal DNA. Please show the H bond interactions clearly with a dotted line. B. In a second diagram, show the enol form of cytosine following a tautomeric shift. Include in the diagram how this change shifts hydrogen bonding characteristics and a new binding partner for this nucleotide.arrow_forwardThe A and G compositions (mole percent) of one of the strands of a duplex DNA is A = 27 and G = 30. (a) What would be the T and C compositions of the complementary strand? (b) What can be said about the A and G compositions of its complementary strand?arrow_forwardGiven the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into a polypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams, colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into a functional protein. (32) (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in the DNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D). 5’ - TATAAAAASSMSBMDATGSBDCCMBDBAATBSMDSTGTGTCCTMSBAG – 3’arrow_forward
- For entertainment on a Friday night, a genetics professor proposed that his children diagram a polynucleotide strand of DNA. Having learned about DNA in preschool, his 5-year-old daughter was able to draw a polynucleotide strand, but she made a few mistakes. The daughter’s diagram (represented here) contained at least 10 mistakes. a. Make a list of all the mistakes in the structure of this DNA polynucleotide strand. b. Draw the correct structure for the polynucleotide strand.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about the double-helix secondary structure of DNA is true or false. a. The two polynucleotide strands are complementary rather than identical. b. Bases present extend outward from the double helix. c. Covalent bonding occurs between the two polynucleotide strands. d. The two polynucleotide strands run in the 5′-to-3′ directionarrow_forwardDNA structure depends on base pairing of its four nucleotides, A, C, T, and G. Nucleotide A pairs with T, and nucleotide C pairs with G. This forms a four-letter DNA “alphabet." Because DNA codes for amino acids in sets of three nucleotides, there are 4 cubed (4'), or 64, possible combinations, coding for 20 different amino acids. What is the best explanation for why there is no selective advantage for DNA to have five nucleotides (e.g., A, C, T, G, and E) with C pairing with either G or functionally equivalent E? It would be impossible to form the DNA molecule, because it must have an equal number of Cs and Gs. Because G and E have the same role, there would still be four functional letters of the alphabet. Replication would be inaccurate because sometimes C would bond with G and sometimes C would bond with E. There would be a five-letter alphabet with 125 combinations, which is too numerous. It is impossible because there are not five known nucleotides in the cell.arrow_forward
- As we have focused on DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information in all living things. In particular, we discussed its structure and delved into how we analyze this molecule. Based on your knowledge of these topics,answer several fundamental questions: Question: How do we know that the structure of DNA is in the form ofa right-handed double-helical molecule?arrow_forwardThe double helical structure of DNA is intrinsically unstable and easily dissociates to form two separate strands. Why? How does this affect the two key biological functions of chromosomal DNA? What would happen if the DNA helices were too stable?arrow_forwardWithin a protein, certain amino acids are positively charged (e.g.,lysine and arginine), some are negatively charged (e.g., glutamateand aspartate), some are polar but uncharged, and some are nonpolar.If you knew that a DNA-binding protein was recognizingthe DNA backbone rather than a base sequence, which aminoacids in the protein would be good candidates for interacting withthe DNA?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Macromolecules | Classes and Functions; Author: 2 Minute Classroom;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5hhrDFo8Vk;License: Standard youtube license