Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 10WIO
Explain the fact that species as diverse as humans and yeasts use the same biochemical pathways to extract energy from nutrient molecules.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Look at the cellular respiration reaction. What reactants and/or catalysts (enzymes) does the yeast supply? What does the juice supply?
What is the product of respiration that we need? In other words, why do organisms need cellular respiration?
Propose an alternative experiment to test rates of cellular respiration besides measuring acid production (hint: look at the reaction equation).
Do some reading and discuss some applications of fermentation in biotechnology, food production, or medicine.
Use drawings, flow charts, or a table to compare and contrast the energy inputs and outputs during each phase of aerobic respiration vs. fermentation. Be sure to directly discuss inputs and outputs of BOTH processes. Include all phosphorylated compounds and high-energy electron carriers, and briefly EXPLAIN HOW these are produced at each stage of respiration. WHERE does each stage happen? Explain HOW energy from high energy electron carriers is converted to ATP during respiration in mitochondria or aerobic bacteria.
Vitamin B3 (niacin) is a component of NAD+ (or NADH). Niacin is acquired through the diet.
a) Describe the consequences of niacin deficiency on energy production.
b) Invent two strategies a cell might use to maintain energy production under niacin deficiency.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 6.1 - Why do all organisms need ATP?Ch. 6.1 - What are the three general ways to generate ATP...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.2 - What occurs in each of the three stages of...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 2MC
Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 6.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.6 - How does the actual ATP yield compare to the...Ch. 6.7 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.7 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.8 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6.8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 6.9 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6.9 - Why must the first metabolic pathways have been...Ch. 6.9 - What is the evidence that photosynthesis may have...Ch. 6.10 - What hypothesis were the researchers testing, and...Ch. 6.10 - Prob. 2MCCh. 6 - Which of the following best describes aerobic...Ch. 6 - Which stage in cellular respiration produces the...Ch. 6 - What is the role of ATP synthase? a. It uses ATP...Ch. 6 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 6 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 6 - What is endosymbiosis? a. A type of fermentation...Ch. 6 - Respiration contains the Latin word root spiro,...Ch. 6 - All steps of cellular respiration are closely...Ch. 6 - How might a mitochondrion's double membrane make...Ch. 6 - Health-food stores sell a product called pyruvate...Ch. 6 - At what point does O2 enter the energy pathways of...Ch. 6 - Describe the energy pathways that are available...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 6 - Describe how aerobic respiration occurs in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 6 - Explain the fact that species as diverse as humans...Ch. 6 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 6 - Prob. 1PITCh. 6 - Prob. 2PITCh. 6 - Prob. 3PITCh. 6 - Where would fermentation, anaerobic respiration,...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
1. Genetics affects many aspects of our lives. Identify three ways genetics affects your life or the life of a ...
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
Why is it unlikely that two neighboring water molecules would be arranged like this?
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Describe the evolution of mammals, tracing their synapsid lineage from early amniote ancestors to true mammals....
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
On what molecule does the anticodon appear? Explain the role of this molecule in protein synthesis.
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (7th Edition)
Which of the following would be used to identify an unknown bacterial culture that came from a patient in the i...
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Define histology.
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The following image is a schematic of the metabolic processes occurring in a plant contained in a closed container. A=Light Dependent reactions B=Glycolysis C=Light Independent Reactions D=Kreb's cycle E=electron transport chain 2a) Use the figure above to explain the conditions in which the oxygen concentration remains constant in the container. b) 2-carboxyarabinitol-1,5-bisphosphate (CABP) is an inhibitor of the enzyme rubisco. Which pathway would this affect most?arrow_forwardDescribe a possible progression of four microbial metabolic types on planet earth, beginning with what is believed to be a primitive metabolic type found at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. For each of the four metabolic types that you will name, detail the source and origin of energy, electrons, and carbon. Remember that redox reactions need both a donor and acceptor. For each transition between metabolic types, outline the selective measures or chemical environmental changes that led to the emergence of the considered metabolic types. One of these transitions should be linked to the rise of oxygen levels on the planet. Conclude by discussing the role of a microbial group that fundamentally influenced the evolution of life on earth. Specifically, discuss the role of this microbial group in: i) setting the chemical boundaries of life, ii) facilitating the development of complex eukaryotic metabolisms, and iii) promoting the habitability of terrestrial ecosystems.arrow_forwardMetabolism is essential to life and is the process by which cells make energy to carry out all of the processes required for them to survive. Metabolism requires that the organism transport substances from the environment into the cell to utilize in their metabolic pathways. Bacteria have a diverse array of potential metabolic processes to make energy. Given the information below (A. and B.), describe how the organisms would make ATP in the environment they are found. Make sure to discuss in detail each of the pathways, including the starting products, end products, components of the ETC (if applicable), how the cell makes ATP during this process, where in the cell each of these pathways occur and the transport mechanism(s) utilized to move the starting products from the environment into the cell. An anaerobic organism that is only able to ferment lactose.arrow_forward
- The figure above represents changes in different types of metabolic pathways (y-axis) as energy charge in a cell (x-axis) changes. What is the best description of the types of reactions shown by the green line labeled "A"? a) Catabolic, energy-consuming pathways b) Anabolic, energy-consuming pathways c) Anabolic, energy-producing pathways d) Catabolic, energy-producing pathwaysarrow_forwardExamine the figure below, which compares the energetics of a catalyzed and uncatalyzed reaction during the progress of the reaction from substrate (S) to product (P). The highest peak in such a diagram corresponds to the transition state, which is an unstable, high-energy arrangement of substrate atoms that is intermediate between substrate and product. The free energy required to surmount this barrier to the reaction is termed the activation energy. Enzymes function by lowering the activation energy, thereby allowing a more rapid approach to equilibrium. UNCATALYZED activation energy progress of reaction CATALYZED activation energy S ES | progress of reaction free energy free energyarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the role of NAD+/NADH in glycolysis? A) NADH is used to directly create the phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP.B) NADH is used primarily in substrate-level phosphorylation.C) NADH accepts electrons during fermentation. D) NAD+ accepts electrons. E) All of the above are correct.arrow_forward
- plz explain in details. Organisms must do tasks in order to survive. This work requires either light for photosynthesis or the chemical potential energy of organic molecules as an energy input. Explain the necessity for energy in living organisms and provide two (2) examples. Explain the oxidative phosphorylation process, particularly the involvement of oxygen. Discuss the generation of a low yield of ATP from anaerobic respiration and the formation of lactate in mammals.arrow_forwardFor Krebs Cycle(Citric Acid Cycle) what are steps of cellular respiration for both aerobic (oxygen present) and anaerobic (without oxygen) respiration. what are the Inputs and Outputs: Clearly indicate the key substrates, intermediates, and products at each stage. Location: Show where this stage of cellular respiration occurs within the cell (e.g., cytoplasm, mitochondria). Energy Production: Highlight the ATP and NADH production at this stage. Oxygen: Show where oxygen is used in the process (e.g., ETC) and where carbon dioxide is produced. Electron Carriers: Indicate the role of electron carriers such as NAD+ and FAD in transferring eleDiagrams: Use diagrams or icons to represent the structures and molecules involved, such as the mitochondria, glucose, ATP, and oxygen. Key Information like important facts or formulas relevant to cellular respiration, like the chemical equations for each stage.arrow_forwardWhy must metabolic pathways be regulated? Cite three ways by which metabolic pathways are regulated.arrow_forward
- Discuss the role of enzymes in metabolic regulation by describing the following five mechanisms.11.1Cascade systems11.2 Futile cycle11.3Cellular compartmentalization 11.4 Covalent modification11.5 Zymogensarrow_forwardExplain the features that generally distinguish (at least three) pathways of catabolism from pathways of anabolism?arrow_forwardConsider the fates of intermediates that can be processed in the PPP, glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation pathways. Imagine that you perform experiments with a culture of brewer's yeast grown under anaerobic conditions, in the presence of an inhibitor of phosphoglucose isomerase. When you add glucose as the sole nutrient to the inhibited culture, the yeast are able to grow and produce ethanol albeit at a slower rate than a control culture of uninhibited yeast. Explain how it is that the yeast in the inhibited culture are able to use glucose to produce ethanol (e.g., sketch out the steps involved)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Metabolic Pathways; Author: Wisc-Online;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m61bQYio9ys;License: Standard Youtube License