Chapter 5, Problem 31A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An atomic orbital need to be explained.

Concept Introduction: An atom is composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus of an atom and electrons are present in atomic orbitals around the nucleus. Thus, atomic orbitals are in the space around the nucleus where electrons are present.

Explanation of Solution

An atomic orbital explains the position of an electron in an atom. An atomic orbital can be occupied by a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins. The four basic atomic orbitals are s, p, d, and f . The number of electrons in each orbital can be explained with the help of quantum numbers. There is a single shell in the s-orbital; thus, it can have a maximum of 2 electrons. The number of subshells in p, d, and f orbitals are 3, 5, and 7 respectively thus, the maximum number of electrons possible in them are 6, 10, and 14 respectively.

Conclusion

Therefore, an atomic orbital can be explained as a mathematical term that describes the position of electrons in an atom.