Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 27, Problem 2CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
Population and change in population of a species over the course of many generations.
Introduction:
Population genetics is examined by the degree of
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The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next, as long as specific conditions are met.
Choose Yes or No for the conditions that must be met from the providied statement below.
1. Mutations are exponentially occuring
2. All member of the population breed
3. Everyone produces the same number of offspring
4. The population is infinitely large
5. There is no migration in or out of the population
6. No net mutations are occuring
7. Natural selection of beneficial traits is occuring
8. Natural selection is not occuring
9. All mating is completely random
10. Offspring are able to migrate out of the population
What is the intuitive meaning of the mean fitness of a population? How does its value change in response to natural selection?
A scientist is studying a wild population of Japanese morning glories. It is easy to separate genotypes at a flower color locus by their phenotypes. Red individuals are homozygous for the R allele, yellow individuals are homozygous for the Y allele, and orange individuals are heterozygous. If the number of individuals with the following genotypes are:
RR: 831 RY: 33 YY: 442
Is the population in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium?
Chapter 27 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 27.1 - A gene pool is a. all of the genes in a single...Ch. 27.1 - 2. In natural populations, most genes...Ch. 27.1 - A gene exists in two alleles designatedDandd. If...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 27.2 - Which of the following is a factor that, by...Ch. 27.3 - 1. Darwinian fitness is a measure...Ch. 27.3 - 2. Within a particular population, darkly colored...Ch. 27.3 - 3. A population occupies heterogeneous...Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 27.4 - 1. Genetic drift is
a. a change in allele...
Ch. 27.4 - 2. Which of the following influences on genetic...Ch. 27.5 - Gene flow depends on a. migration. b. the ability...Ch. 27.6 - 1. Inbreeding is sexual reproduction between...Ch. 27.7 - The mutation rate is a. the likelihood that a new...Ch. 27.7 - 2. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 27 - 1. What is the gene pool? How is a gene pool...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 27 - The termpolymorphismcan refer to both genes and...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 27 - For a gene existing in two alleles, what are the...Ch. 27 - 8. In a population, the frequencies of two...Ch. 27 - The ability to roll your tongue is inherited as a...Ch. 27 - What evolutionary factors can cause allele...Ch. 27 - What is the difference between a neutral and an...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 27 - Describe the similarities and differences among...Ch. 27 - 15. Is each of the following examples due to...Ch. 27 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 27 - 18. A group of four birds flies to a new location...Ch. 27 - 19. Describe what happens to allele frequencies as...Ch. 27 - With regard to genetic drift, are the following...Ch. 27 - When two populations frequently intermix due to...Ch. 27 - Two populations of antelope are separated by a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 23CONQCh. 27 - 24. Using the pedigree shown here, answer the...Ch. 27 - A family pedigree is shown here. A. What is the...Ch. 27 - 26. A family pedigree is shown here.
A. What is...Ch. 27 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 27 - 1. You will need to be familiar with the...Ch. 27 - You will need to refer to question 2 in More...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3EQCh. 27 - Prob. 4EQCh. 27 - You will need to refer to question 2 in More...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6EQCh. 27 - Prob. 7EQCh. 27 - In the Grants study of the medium ground finch, do...Ch. 27 - 9. A recessive lethal allele has achieved a...Ch. 27 - Among a large population of 2 million gray...Ch. 27 - In a donor population, the allele frequencies for...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12EQCh. 27 - Prob. 13EQCh. 27 - Prob. 14EQCh. 27 - 15. What would you expect to be the minimum...Ch. 27 - Discuss examples of positive and negative...Ch. 27 - Discuss the role of mutation in the origin of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3QSDC
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- What is population genetics?arrow_forwardThere are two traits in moths: light color and dark color. If a population has 60%of the moths with the light color, using Hardy-Weinberg, what can be predicted about the offspring of the population if no environmental factors are present? 40%of the offspring will be dark in color 40%of the offspring will be light in color 60%of the offspring will be dark in color 50%of the offspring will be each colorarrow_forwardThe gel image below shows 7 alleles, let's call them 1-7 in order of size, with 1 being the largest and 7 being the smallest. Imagine the unlikely case that the 11 individuals represented in the gel image above were truly representative of the population. What is the frequency (f) of allele 6? Give your answer as a percentage, to one decimal place, do not include the % symbol. Answer: In the gel image below the frequency of allele 6 is 18 percent. Photograph of UV illuminated 1 % agarose TBE gel run for 40 minutes at 120 V, showing the result of PCR from a variable number tandem repeat region in 11 differentindividuals (A-K) A B C DE F G H IJK 2000| 1650 1000 850 600 500 Key: Lane 1: DNA ladder, see image for fragment sizes (bp). Lanes 2-13: PCR products from the same variable numbertandem repeat (VNTR) autosomal region of DNA from 11 different individuals (A-K).arrow_forward
- The gel image below shows 7 alleles, let's call them 1-7 in order of size, with 1 being the largest and 7 being the smallest. Imagine the unlikely case that the 11 individuals represented in the gel image above were truly representative of the population. What is the frequency (f) of allele 6? Give your answer as a percentage, to one decimal place, do not include the % symbol. Answer: In the gel image below the frequency of allele 6 is Blank 1 percent. Photograph of UV illuminated 1% agarose TBE gel run for 40 minutes at 120 V, showing the result of PCR from a variable number tandem repeat region in 11 different individuals (A-K) ... A В с D F G H IJ K 2000| 1650 1000 850 600 500 Key: Lane 1: DNA ladder, see image for fragment sizes (bp). Lanes 2-13: PCR products from the same variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) autosomal region of DNA from 11 different individuals (A-K).arrow_forwardYou sample the frequency of an allele in a population over 12 consecutive generations and find that the frequency of the allele changes as follows: Generation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Frequency 0.75 0.73 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.69 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.64 0.62 0.61 How would you best characterize this allele and this population? A. The allele is under selection and the population size is very small B. The allele is under selection and the population size is very large C. The allele is not under selection and the population size is very small D. The allele is not under selection and the population size is very largearrow_forwardA particular recessive genotype shows a frequency of 16 % in a given population . Answer the following questions : 1 - What is the probability of a dominant allele in the population ? 2 - What is the frequency of a heterozygous dominant in this population . 3 - What is the probability of the dominant allele in the next generation if the population is at equilibrium ?arrow_forward
- A population consists of 7 mice. For the coat color trait, there are only two alleles: brown (B) and white (b). BB and Bb mice are brown; bb mice are white. In the population's gene pool, there are 7 white alleles (b). a) What is the frequency of the brown allele in the population? Select) b) What do you predict the frequency of the bb genotype will be in the next generation if no evolution takes place in the population? I Select | c) The mice live on dark black, volcanic rocks in the Arizona desert and two hawks are introduced into the area as part of wildlife rehabilitation program. You sample the mouse population after the hawk reintroduction and find the following numbers: 24 BB mice, 52 Bb mice, 24 bb mice. Has natural selection by the hawks caused the population to evolve significantly? I Select]arrow_forwardbackground: Lizards often have bright coloration and in some species there is variation in coloration within populations. For the sake of simplicity, let’s assume that color is genetically determined by a single gene with two alleles that interact in a codominant fashion: r+r+ = red, r+r- = yellow, r-r- = white. Imagine there is a large population of these lizards where 1 in 200 lizards have the white coloration, 30 are yellow and the rest are red. A tsunami sweeps through the population! Although no lizards died, 10 random lizards were swept to a nearby island. One of these individuals is white while the rest were yellow. Over time, these individuals remain stuck on the island and form a new population. Eventually, 80% of this population has the white coloration. Assume that color does not affect fitness in either population. question: At the time of the founding of the smaller population, (when 1/10 were white, the rest yellow), what was the chance of fixation of the r- allele via…arrow_forwardThere are particular factors that cause the diversity in a gene pool to change. For each of the following statements, select the correct factor from the menu on the attached picture that is being described. The process by which organisms with certain heritable traits survive, passing on their traits to the next generation; determined by the environmental conditions of the time A change in allele frequencies caused by chance events in a small gene pool The movement of alleles into or out of a population by immigration or emigration The process of choosing mates based on the presence of certain traits or phenotypes and, thus, genotypes; traits are usually displayed in some form of courtship ritual A type of genetic drift that occurs when a natural disaster thins the population to a small group that happens to be unrepresentative of the original group; allele frequencies of the two groups will be dissimilar A type of genetic drift that occurs when a small population that is not…arrow_forward
- A population consists of 100 individuals of the following genotypes: AA 55 Aa 20 0.14 0.2 0.25 0.35 0.55 0.65 0.75 0.8 aa 25 What is the frequency of the A allele?arrow_forwardYou are a scientist studying a population of beetles. Beetle color is controlled by two alleles at a single genetic locus. AA beetles are blue, Aa purple, and aa pink. You count 30 blue beetles, 10 purple beetles, and 40 pink beetles. a) What is the frequency of the A allele? [ Select ] b) What is the observed frequency of the Aa genotype? 1 Select ] c) Under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected frequency of the aa gentoype? [ Select ] d) Is this beetle population evolving? I Select ]arrow_forwardYou are studying a single-gene locus with two alleles in a population that is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Examination of a large sample of individuals from the population reveals there are six times as many heterozygotes as there are homozygote recessive individuals in this population. What is the frequency of the recessive allele? I don't know how to start his calculation with just a ratio of 6:1 I found an answer online that says the frequency of q=0.25 but the calculations (below) don't make sense to me. Please help me. What is the answer and how do I get to it? Hardy-Weinberg equation p2+2pq+q2=1 2pq/q2= 6/1 2p= 6q 2(1-p)= 6q 2-2q=6q q=0.25arrow_forward
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