Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 27, Problem 19CONQ
Describe what happens to allele frequencies as a result of the bottleneck effect. Discuss the relevance of this effect with regard to species that are approaching extinction.
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Allele A₁
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Chapter 27 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 27.1 - A gene pool is a. all of the genes in a single...Ch. 27.1 - 2. In natural populations, most genes...Ch. 27.1 - A gene exists in two alleles designatedDandd. If...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 27.2 - Which of the following is a factor that, by...Ch. 27.3 - 1. Darwinian fitness is a measure...Ch. 27.3 - 2. Within a particular population, darkly colored...Ch. 27.3 - 3. A population occupies heterogeneous...Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 27.4 - 1. Genetic drift is
a. a change in allele...
Ch. 27.4 - 2. Which of the following influences on genetic...Ch. 27.5 - Gene flow depends on a. migration. b. the ability...Ch. 27.6 - 1. Inbreeding is sexual reproduction between...Ch. 27.7 - The mutation rate is a. the likelihood that a new...Ch. 27.7 - 2. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 27 - 1. What is the gene pool? How is a gene pool...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 27 - The termpolymorphismcan refer to both genes and...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 27 - For a gene existing in two alleles, what are the...Ch. 27 - 8. In a population, the frequencies of two...Ch. 27 - The ability to roll your tongue is inherited as a...Ch. 27 - What evolutionary factors can cause allele...Ch. 27 - What is the difference between a neutral and an...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 27 - Describe the similarities and differences among...Ch. 27 - 15. Is each of the following examples due to...Ch. 27 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 27 - 18. A group of four birds flies to a new location...Ch. 27 - 19. Describe what happens to allele frequencies as...Ch. 27 - With regard to genetic drift, are the following...Ch. 27 - When two populations frequently intermix due to...Ch. 27 - Two populations of antelope are separated by a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 23CONQCh. 27 - 24. Using the pedigree shown here, answer the...Ch. 27 - A family pedigree is shown here. A. What is the...Ch. 27 - 26. A family pedigree is shown here.
A. What is...Ch. 27 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 27 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 27 - 1. You will need to be familiar with the...Ch. 27 - You will need to refer to question 2 in More...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3EQCh. 27 - Prob. 4EQCh. 27 - You will need to refer to question 2 in More...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6EQCh. 27 - Prob. 7EQCh. 27 - In the Grants study of the medium ground finch, do...Ch. 27 - 9. A recessive lethal allele has achieved a...Ch. 27 - Among a large population of 2 million gray...Ch. 27 - In a donor population, the allele frequencies for...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12EQCh. 27 - Prob. 13EQCh. 27 - Prob. 14EQCh. 27 - 15. What would you expect to be the minimum...Ch. 27 - Discuss examples of positive and negative...Ch. 27 - Discuss the role of mutation in the origin of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3QSDC
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- Consider a population of 150 mice on an island, with allele frequencies B = 0.20 for brown coat colour, and b = 0.80 for white coat colour. Brown (B) is dominant to white (b) and the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Twenty-five homozygous brown mice from the mainland float to the island on an uprooted tree after a storm. What are the genotype frequencies before migration? What are the allele frequencies after migration? Now, suppose the twenty-five brown mice float away again on another tree without breeding, and the island is back to its original state. Allele frequencies on the island are back to B = 0.20, b = 0.80. On the continent, there is a large population of many thousands of mice, with allele frequencies B = 0.80, b = 0.20. One year, human ships begin moving back and forth between the island and the continent, and occasionally a mouse comes along for the ride, and stays and breeds. Equal numbers of mice ride in each direction. The shipping trade continues…arrow_forwardWhat is inbreeding depression and why is it particularly a concern for conservation biology? A) It is a chemical imbalance in the brain of animals forced into close quarters, such as those rescued from the wild and placed in zoos. B) It is a situation where the frequency of an allele over time depends greatly upon its initial frequency, as such if populations are too small, the present alleles are at risk of being lost. C) It is a situation where offspring of genetic relatives have increased fitness, this occurs when populations of animals are large and they mate freely. D) It is a situation where offspring of genetic relatives have reduced fitness, this occurs when populations of animals become too small and they are thus likely to mate with closely related individuals.arrow_forwardDescribe two mechanisms that can decrease gene flowin sympatric populations, thereby making sympatricspeciation more likely to occur.arrow_forward
- Explain how mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow can all contribute to changes in allele frequencies.arrow_forwardGalapagos marine iguanas are differentiated by islands. However, the iguanas swim well, suggesting that gene flow can occur. You survey the frequency of allele A in Isla Tortuga and find that it is 0.33. In the next generation, the A allele frequency has gone up to 0.36. Because tiny Isla Tortuga lies close to giant Isla Isabela, you assume all migrants must come from there and follow a continent-island model. Allele frequency in Isla Isabela is 0.6 and stable. What proportion of alleles (m) entered Isla Tortuga from Isabela to explain your observations?arrow_forwardIn a donor population, the allelic frequency of HbA (dominant) is 0.90 and for HbS (recessive) is 0.10. A group of 550 individuals migrate to another population of 10,000 individuals where the allele frequencies are HbA = 0.99 and HbS = 0.01. Calculate the allele frequencies after the migratory event in the receiving population. Use Allelic frecuency after migration= mPx+(1-m)Py P+q=1arrow_forward
- Consider the island model with one-way migration. An island is originally inhabited by 1000 individuals. The frequency of the A allele in the inhabitants of the island is p0=0.3. Then 250 individuals travel to the island from the mainland. The frequency of the A allele in the mainland is p*=0.8. What is p1, namely the frequency of A in the island after the arrival of the migrants? 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.6arrow_forwardExplain the disruptive selection effects on the phenotypic mean and the amount of phenotypic variation present in a population.arrow_forwardSuppose that in generation 0, the frequency of allele A1 in a population of armadillos is 0.4. In each generation, 10 percent of the individuals in that population are migrants from another population that has an allele frequency of 0.6. a) Calculate the frequency of A1 in each of the next two generations (generations 1 and 2). b) Is the change in allele frequency in generation 2 greater than, less than, or equal to the change in generation 1? How can you explain that answer? c) What will the allele frequency become in this population after many generations? I need all three parts with calculations asap!!arrow_forward
- In Manx cats, the recessive allele for tail length can be lethal. A heterozygous dominant genotype results in a shortened tail, while a homozygous dominant genotype results in a normal tail. A homozygous recessive genotype is lethal. In an ideal Manx cat population exhibiting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the lethal allele has a frequency of 0.22, what percentage of the Manx cat population retains a shortened or normal tail length? Express your answer using three significant digits.arrow_forwardA mountain region has a population of 5,000 mountain goats. You score these animals for the R locus and find that this locus has two alleles, R (dominant) and r (recessive). 3200 individuals are homozygous dominant, 1,600 are heterozygous, and 200 are homozygous recessive. a) Calculate the allele frequencies for this population. Show your work. b) Calculate the observed genotypic frequencies for this population. Show your work. c) Calculate the expected genotype frequencies if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Show your work. d) Does this population appear to be at H-W equilibrium? Why or why not? (You do not need to analyze this statistically).arrow_forwardA different locus codes for drought tolerance in desert tortoises. On average during a drought, genotype AA produces 7 offspring, genotype AB produces 8 offspring, and genotype BB produces 3 offspring. The genotype frequencies in 2019 are 10% AA, 10% AB, and 80% BB. What is the expected equilibrium allele frequency p* after a large number of generations go by during the drought? Assume the tortoise population is also very large.arrow_forward
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